Forest plantations for wood growing in the European north of Russia
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The Russian Federation has accumulated quite a lot of experience in plantation forestry. An urgent issue of returning unused agricultural land to economic circulation can be solved by creating plantation crops on these lands, which contributes to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals on rational forest management, restoration, afforestation and reforestation (SDGs 2, 12, 15 and GFGs 1 and 2). Research on the creation of targeted forest plantations in the European North of Russia was carried out within the framework of a state assignment. Well-grounded conclusions on the choice of species for targeted plantation cultivation were made. Preference should be given to aboriginal species (Scots pine, European spruce). However, one of the promising fast-growing species suitable for the pulp and paper industry in temperate countries is Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Loud. var. latifolia S. Wats.), naturally growing in North America. Based on long-term research, the most suitable origins of Lodgepole pine were selected – located in regions of the most northern Canadian origin (Yukon), where it grows at the northern limit of the distribution of forest species. The advantage of Lodgepole pine over local coniferous species was revealed while growing on industrial forest plantations, where, by the age of 40-50 years, it forms 250-300 m3/ha of low-resinous wood, suitable for both sulfate and sulfite pulping and is 70% more productive than local spruce and pine. In the research process, the basic requirements for plantation crops in the European North of Russia were developed, under which plantations justify their purpose. One of the main innovative areas of research is the development of technology for creating forest plantations on lands that have come out of agricultural use.
Keywords: Lodgepole pine, boreal forests, plantation
ID: 3479164