Effect of nitrogen-sulfur fertilization on yield and quality of three corn genotypes differing in endosperm texture
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Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria
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To establish the effect of nitrogen-sulfur fertilization on yield and corn quality, an experiment was carried out at the peasant settlement of Arenales, Aragua state, Venezuela (10°06'17'' N, 67°35'44''W). The experimental design used was a split-plots with four replicates; three hybrids differing in endosperm texture were arranged on the main plots: DK-5632 (flint), DK-440 (semi-flint) and DK-5277 (semident), and on secondary plots, three levels of nitrogen (0, 100 and 200 kg/ha) and two levels of sulfur (0 and 50 kg/ha). The variables measured were the yield, the weight of 1000 grains (W1000G), grains per square meter (G/m2), hectoliter weight (HW), flotation index (FI), grain hardness (GH) and crude protein (CP). All corn genotypes increased their yield, W1000G and G/m2 significantly with the level of fertilization N200S50. Genotype DK-5277 reached the highest yield, while DK-5632 and DK-440 obtained higher values of HW compared to those achieved by DK-5277, as well as a lower FI, with significant differences at p ≤ 0.05. The level of fertilization N200S50 allowed a significant decrease of the FI values in all corn genotypes. Nitrogen-sulfur fertilization increased in more than 100 % the GH of DK-5277. The FI showed a negative and significant association with HW, while a positive and highly significant correlation was found between W1000G and yield. For all hybrids, CP was positive and significantly associated with yield and positive and highly significant with W1000G and HW.
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