Georgia : An Integrated Trade Development Strategy

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dc.creatorWorld Bank
dc.date2013-07-03T15:49:13Z
dc.date2013-07-03T15:49:13Z
dc.date2003-11-05
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:20:38Z
dc.descriptionGeorgia became a member of WTO in June 2000. It has low import tariffs and no quantitative restrictions. The VAT (20 percent) and excise taxes are equally applied to imports and domestic output. However, the implementation of trade policies is undermined by corruption and poor customs and tax administration. Moreover, a new tariff schedule adopted in January 2003 increased the number of tariffs from four to 22! and the top duty rate from 12 to 30 percent. Although the weighted average tariff will go up only by a fraction of a percent and the new tariffs are in line with the upper bounds agreed with the WTO upon accession, such a schedule is a step back from the previous, simpler schedule. Georgia faces no significant trade barriers in world markets and main export destinations include the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) region (45 percent)-e.g., Russia, Azerbaijan, Ukraine, and Armenia- where Georgia enjoys duty-free access, followed by Turkey (20 percent), and the EU (18 percent)-mainly Germany. Like most CIS countries, the cost of doing business in Georgia is high and adds significant investment risk. Not surprisingly, outside of two large energy project, foreign direct investment (FDI) in Georgia has been insignificant. According to the 2002 Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) conducted in Georgia, taxation and corruption are the main obstacles to doing business. Along with crime, these problems are somewhat worse in Georgia than its regional counterparts. Issues relating to regulations, the judiciary, infrastructure, and access to finance while still problematic appear more or less the same across the CIS region. More specifically, the industry case studies conducted for this study identified several institutional constraints which significantly undermine the export competitiveness of Georgian firms and create barriers to entry, a critical issue for a transition economy. Notably, exporters do not have assured access to inputs at world prices, particularly of those procured in the domestic market, because of the lack of a functioning VAT refund mechanism.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/11/2821196/georgia-integrated-trade-development-strategy
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/14356
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/14356
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/417229
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectBANK LOANS
dc.subjectBANKING SECTOR
dc.subjectBANKING SECTOR DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectBUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL BANKS
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectCPI
dc.subjectCURRENCY
dc.subjectCUSTOMS
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKET
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subjectECONOMIC COOPERATION
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectEXPORT CREDIT
dc.subjectEXPORT GROWTH
dc.subjectEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectEXPORTERS
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectEXTERNAL TRADE
dc.subjectFISCAL YEAR
dc.subjectFOOD EXPORTS
dc.subjectFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFOREIGN INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFORESTRY
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
dc.subjectIMPORT TARIFF
dc.subjectIMPORTS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectINDUSTRY
dc.subjectINSURANCE
dc.subjectINTEREST RATES
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL PRICES
dc.subjectINVESTMENT FLOWS
dc.subjectLDCS
dc.subjectMARKET ACCESS
dc.subjectMARKET INTEGRATION
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL ACCESS
dc.subjectPRIVATIZATION
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPROFIT MARGINS
dc.subjectPROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subjectPROVEN RESERVES
dc.subjectREAL GDP
dc.subjectREGIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectSMALLHOLDER AGRICULTURE
dc.subjectTARIFF SCHEDULE
dc.subjectTAXATION
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTIMBER
dc.subjectTOURISM
dc.subjectTOURISM DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectTRADE
dc.subjectTRADE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectTRADE FACILITATION
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY
dc.subjectTRADE REGIME
dc.subjectTRANSPORT
dc.subjectTRANSPORT COSTS
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT RATES
dc.subjectVALUE ADDED
dc.subjectWAGE RATES
dc.subjectWORKING CAPITAL
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectWTO IMPORT TARIFFS
dc.subjectTRADE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectIMPORTS
dc.subjectOUTPUT
dc.subjectCUSTOMS DUTIES
dc.subjectTRADE ARRANGEMENTS
dc.subjectFOREIGN INVESTMENT
dc.subjectTAXATION RATES
dc.subjectCORRUPTION IN GOVERNMENT
dc.subjectCRIME
dc.subjectEXPORT COMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectTRANSITION ECONOMY
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKET
dc.subjectVALUE ADDED TAXES
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION COSTS
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectPOVERTY
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectWELFARE ACTIVITIES
dc.titleGeorgia : An Integrated Trade Development Strategy

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