Unleashing Prosperity : Productivity Growth in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union
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Washington, DC : World Bank
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The analysis presented in this report
assembles, for the first time, evidence from a variety of
sources in the countries of Eastern Europe and the former
Soviet Union to show that policy and institutional reforms
are important in achieving higher productivity growth.
However, significant challenges remain in sustaining that
growth. Many countries that started the reform process
early, such as the new member states of the European Union,
have come to resemble advanced market economies and face
challenges in competing successfully in the global economy
that are similar to the challenges faced by other European
countries. For these new European Union members, the report
argues, policies that facilitate innovation and firm
expansion will be a key. But for other countries that
started the reform process later, such as the countries of
Southeastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, there is
still a need to address the legacy of transition. For these
countries, policies that accelerate restructuring and ease
the entry and exit of firms will continue to be essential.
This report - part of a series of regional studies of the
World Bank's Europe and Central Asia region that has
already covered poverty and inequality, the enhancement of
job opportunities, trade and integration, migration and
remittances, and the challenges posed by aging populations
is intended as a contribution to the author thinking about
how the World Bank may work more effectively with client
states and other partners in the region to promote growth
and foster higher living standards in a rapidly changing World.
Palabras clave
ACCOUNTING, AGGREGATE PRODUCTIVITY, AGGREGATE PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, AGRICULTURE, ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY, AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY, AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, BARRIERS TO ENTRY, BENCHMARKING, BUSINESS CYCLE, BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT, BUYER, CAPABILITIES, CAPITAL FLOWS, CAPITAL INVESTMENTS, CAPITAL MARKETS, CENTRAL BANK, CENTRAL PLANNING, COMMAND ECONOMY, COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY, COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE, COMPETITIVE MARKET, COMPETITIVE PRESSURE, COMPETITIVE PRESSURES, COMPETITIVENESS, COPYRIGHT, CREATING JOBS, CREATIVE DESTRUCTION, DATA DEFINITIONS, DATA QUALITY, DELIVERY OF GOODS, DISPLACED LABOR, DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS, DIVIDENDS, DRIVERS, E-MAIL, ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC INTEGRATION, ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, ECONOMIC PROGRESS, ECONOMIC RECOVERY, EFFICIENCY OF LABOR, EMPLOYMENT, EMPLOYMENT GROWTH, EMPLOYMENT RATE, EMPLOYMENT SHARE, ENTERPRISE SURVEYS, ENTRY CONTRIBUTION, ENTRY RATE, EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK, EXPORT MARKETS, EXPORTS, FACTOR MARKETS, FINANCIAL CRISIS, FINANCIAL DATA, FINANCIAL DEEPENING, FINANCIAL MARKETS, FINANCIAL SERVICES, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, FIRM DYNAMICS, FIRM DYNAMISM, FIRM ENTRY, FIRM EXIT, FIRM LEVEL, FIRM PRODUCTIVITY, FIRM SIZE, FIRM SURVIVAL, FIRM TURNOVER, FLEXIBLE LABOR MARKETS, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, FOREIGN INVESTMENT, FOREIGN-OWNED FIRMS, FREE TRADE, GDP, GDP PER CAPITA, GLOBAL ECONOMY, GLOBAL MARKETS, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, HIGH ENTRY RATES, HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT, HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, HIGH-TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRIES, HUMAN CAPITAL, ICT, INCOME, INCOME LEVELS, INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, INFORMAL SECTOR, INNOVATION, INTERNATIONAL MARKETS, INTERNATIONAL STANDARD, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, JOB CREATION, JOB DESTRUCTION, JOB DESTRUCTION RATES, JOB LOSSES, JOB TURNOVER, LABOR FORCE, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MARKET FLEXIBILITY, LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS, LABOR MARKET RIGIDITIES, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, LABOR REALLOCATION, LABOR SUPPLY, LABOUR, LICENSES, LIQUIDITY, LIVING STANDARDS, LOW EMPLOYMENT, MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, MANUFACTURING, MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, MARKET ECONOMIES, MARKET ECONOMY, MARKET ENTRY, MATERIAL, MICROECONOMIC ANALYSIS, MIGRATION, NET EMPLOYMENT, NET EMPLOYMENT GAINS, NET EMPLOYMENT IMPACT, NET ENTRY COMPONENT, NETWORKS, NEW ENTRANTS, NEW MARKET, NEW MARKETS, NEW TECHNOLOGIES, OCCUPATIONS, ON-THE-JOB TRAINING, OUTPUT PER CAPITA, PENETRATION RATES, PER CAPITA INCOME, PHOTO, PRIVATE FIRMS, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENT, PRIVATIZATION, PRODUCT INFORMATION, PRODUCT MARKET, PRODUCT MARKET COMPETITION, PRODUCT MARKET REGULATION, PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT, PRODUCTIVE FIRMS, PRODUCTIVITY, PRODUCTIVITY DECOMPOSITIONS, PRODUCTIVITY DISPERSION, PRODUCTIVITY GAINS, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH RATES, PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES, PRODUCTIVITY LEVELS, PRODUCTIVITY PERFORMANCE, PRODUCTIVITY REGRESSIONS, PROFITABILITY, PUBLIC POLICY, PURCHASING POWER, QUERIES, R&D, REAL INCOME, REALLOCATING RESOURCES, REGRESSION ANALYSIS, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, RESULTS, RETAIL TRADE, SAFETY, SAFETY NET, SAFETY NETS, SERVICE INDUSTRIES, SERVICE SECTOR, SERVICE SECTORS, SKILL SHORTAGES, SKILLED LABOR, SKILLED WORKERS, SKILLED WORKFORCE, SOCIAL SAFETY NETS, STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES, SUBSIDIARY, SUPPLIERS, SURVIVAL RATE, SURVIVAL RATES, TAXONOMY, TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS, TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, TELECOMMUNICATIONS REFORM, TELEPHONE, TOTAL EMPLOYMENT, TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY, TOTAL OUTPUT, TOTAL PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, TRADE FLOWS, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, TRANSITION ECONOMIES, TRANSPORT, UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, USES, VALUE ADDED, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, WAGES, WITHIN-FIRM CONTRIBUTION, WITHIN-FIRM PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, WORKER, WORKING CONDITIONS, WORLD TRADE, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION