Combined effects of pesticides and trematode infections on hourglass tree frog Polypedates cruciger

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dc.creatorJayawardena, U.A.
dc.creatorRohr, J.R.
dc.creatorNavaratne, A.N.
dc.creatorAmerasinghe, Priyanie H.
dc.creatorRajakaruna, R.S.
dc.date2016-03
dc.date2017-08-30T05:52:41Z
dc.date2017-08-30T05:52:41Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-27T18:27:33Z
dc.descriptionThe impact of widespread and common environmental factors, such as chemical contaminants, on infectious disease risk in amphibians is particularly important because both chemical contaminants and infectious disease have been implicated in worldwide amphibian declines. Here we report on the lone and combined effects of exposure to parasitic cercariae (larval stage) of the digenetic trematode, Acanthostomum burminis, and four commonly used pesticides (insecticides: chlorpyrifos, dimethoate; herbicides: glyphosate, propanil) at ecologically relevant concentrations on the survival, growth, and development of the common hourglass tree frog, Polypedates cruciger Blyth 1852. There was no evidence of any pesticide-induced mortality on cercariae because all the cercariae successfully penetrated each tadpole host regardless of pesticide treatment. In isolation, both cercarial and pesticide exposure significantly decreased frog survival, development, and growth, and increased developmental malformations, such as scoliosis, kyphosis, and also edema and skin ulcers. The combination of cercariae and pesticides generally posed greater risk to frogs than either factor alone by decreasing survival or growth or increasing time to metamorphosis or malformations. The exception was that lone exposure to chlorpyrifos had higher mortality without than with cercariae. Consistent with mathematical models that suggest that stress should increase the impact of generalist parasites, the weight of the evidence from the field and laboratory suggests that ecologically relevant concentrations of agrochemicals generally increase the threat that trematodes pose to amphibians, highlighting the importance of elucidating interactions between anthropogenic activities and infectious disease in taxa of conservation concern.
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/83291
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/156499
dc.languageen
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.rightsOpen Access
dc.sourceJayawardena, U. A.; Rohr, J. R.; Navaratne, A. N.; Amerasinghe, Priyanie H.; Rajakaruna, R. S. 2016. Combined effects of pesticides and trematode infections on hourglass tree frog Polypedates cruciger. Ecohealth, 13(1):111-22. doi: 10.1007/s10393-016-1103-2
dc.subjectpesticides
dc.subjecttrematode infections
dc.subjectfrogs
dc.subjectglyphosate
dc.subjectchlorpyrifos
dc.subjectdimethoate
dc.subjectmalformations
dc.subjectpropanil
dc.subjectenvironmental factors
dc.subjectchemical contamination
dc.subjectdisease prevention
dc.subjectinfectious diseases
dc.subjectmathematical models
dc.subjectecology
dc.titleCombined effects of pesticides and trematode infections on hourglass tree frog Polypedates cruciger
dc.typeJournal Article

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