Regional Vaccine Manufacturing and Development
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Washington, DC: World Bank
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COVID-19 has had a devastating effect
on the ASEAN region, which has recorded over 27 million
cases of the virus. Despite rapid development of a range of
COVID-19 vaccines using innovative technologies, access to
these vaccines has been a challenge, with manufacturing
mostly concentrated in the US and Europe for high-value mRNA
vaccines, and China and India for traditional platforms and
high-volume production. Countries with domestic COVID-19
vaccine manufacturing capacity prioritized domestic vaccine
requirements over foreign needs, putting countries with
limited production capabilities at a disadvantage. ASEAN
countries, which overall have made limited investments in
research and development of vaccines and biologicals, were
highly dependent on imports, resulting in heightened
vulnerability during COVID-19 surges. Despite the existence
of an established framework for ASEAN coordination on
vaccines, there has been minimal coordination between member
states to collectively procure COVID-19 vaccines.
Consequently, ASEAN countries have experienced a common set
of challenges in navigating the complex global vaccine
market to ramp up COVID-19 vaccination. Leaders of ASEAN
member states have recognized the need for the region to be
self-sufficient in vaccine research and manufacturing to
effectively address future pandemics and build regional
vaccine security. ASEAN must build regional capacity to
develop, test efficacy, and scale up manufacture of
vaccines, building on existing country-level strengths and
avoiding duplication. While some evidence on regional
vaccine manufacturing capacity for ASEAN exists, there has
been limited research on the technical, operational,
financing and strategic partnership opportunities that exist
in the region and might be leveraged to advance regional
vaccine security. To address this knowledge gap, the United
Kingdom Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (UK
FCDO) and the World Bank initiated the ASEAN Vaccine
Development and Manufacturing Research Project. This project
complements the ASEAN Vaccine Security and Self-Reliance
(AVSSR) Initiative and the Coalition for Epidemic
Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) 2021 plan, and supports the
November 2019 declaration of ASEAN leaders on regional
vaccine security and self-reliance.
Palabras clave
COVID-19, VACCINE, ASEAN REGION, REGIONAL SYSTEM