Review of Environmental Issues in Fish Farming: Empirical Evidence from Salmon Farming
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Intensive fish farming has faced a number of environmental challenges both locally and globally. In this paper we review some of the most important environmental issues that has faced fish farming and then see how the industry has handled these challenges. Salmon aquaculture has probably faces more of these challenges than any other farmed species, with the possible exception of shrimp aquaculture. We concentrate on empirical evidence related to salmon, although the issues related to other farmed species are similar to that of salmon. Other environmental issues include degradation of local habitat, disruption of ecological systems, and detrimental impact on wild species. Evidence suggests that most of the local environmental problems have been resolved or minimized through industry action and governmental regulations, although a few challenges remain.