Commercial Woodfuel Production : Experience from Three Locally Controlled Wood Production Models
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Washington, DC
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Woodfuels (firewood and charcoal) are
the dominant energy source and the leading forest product
for most developing countries. Representing 60 to 80 percent
of total wood consumption in these nations, woodfuels often
account for 50 to 90 percent of all energy used. Although
woodfuels are widely perceived as cheap and primitive
sources of energy, commercial woodfuel markets are
frequently very large, involve significant levels of
finance, and provide an important source of income through
the supply chain for the rural poor. However, the woodfuel
sector in many developing countries operates informally and
inefficiently, using out-dated technology and delivering
little official revenue to the government. The unsustainable
harvesting of woodfuels to supply large urban and industrial
markets can also contribute to forest degradation and
deforestation. Given the low carbon development opportunity
presented by wood energy, predictions of significant growth
in woodfuel demand make it vital that this industry is
overhauled and modernized using new technologies,
approaches, and governance mechanisms. This report profiles
three promising models of commercial forestry that can
contribute to modernization and rationalization of the wood
energy sector in developing countries: (i) community-based
forest management (CBFM), (ii) private woodlots in
Sub-Saharan Africa, and (iii) forest replacement
associations (FRA) in Latin America.
Palabras clave
ACTION PLAN, AFFORESTATION, AFFORESTATION EFFORTS, AGRICULTURAL LAND, AGRICULTURE, AGROFORESTRY, ALTERNATIVE FUELS, ATLANTIC FOREST, AWARENESS RAISING, BEAR, BIODIVERSITY, BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION, BIODIVERSITY VALUE, BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES, BIOMASS, BIOMASS ENERGY, BURNING, CARBON, CARBON ECONOMY, CARBON NEUTRAL, CARBON TAXES, CASH INCOME, CHARCOAL MAKING, CHARCOAL PRODUCTION, CLIMATE, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION, CO, CO2, COLLECTIVE ACTION, COMMERCIAL EXPLOITATION, COMMERCIAL FORESTRY, COMMUNAL FORESTS, COMMUNITY FOREST, COMMUNITY LANDS, CONCESSION, CONFLICT RESOLUTION, CONSERVATION EFFORTS, CONSERVATION POLICIES, CULTIVATION, DEALERS, DEFORESTATION, DEGRADED AREAS, DEGRADED FORESTS, DEGRADED LANDS, DROUGHTS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC INCENTIVES, ECONOMIC MOTIVATION, ECOSYSTEM, ELECTRICITY, EMISSIONS, ENERGY POLICY, ENERGY PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTS, EROSION, EROSION CONTROL, EUCALYPTUS, EXOTIC SPECIES, EXPOSURE, FARM FORESTRY, FENCING, FIREWOOD, FLOODS, FLORA, FOOD CROPS, FOREST, FOREST ACCESS, FOREST ACT, FOREST ADMINISTRATION, FOREST ADMINISTRATIONS, FOREST AREAS, FOREST AUTHORITIES, FOREST COMMITTEE, FOREST COMMITTEES, FOREST CONVERSION, FOREST COVER, FOREST COVERAGE, FOREST DEGRADATION, FOREST ECOSYSTEMS, FOREST EXPLOITATION, FOREST FUNDS, FOREST GOVERNANCE, FOREST HARVESTING, FOREST INSTITUTE, FOREST INVENTORY, FOREST INVESTMENT, FOREST LAW, FOREST LAW ENFORCEMENT, FOREST MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES, FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN, FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANS, FOREST MANAGEMENT STRATEGY, FOREST OFFICERS, FOREST OPERATIONS, FOREST OWNERSHIP, FOREST PLANTATIONS, FOREST PRODUCT, FOREST PRODUCTS, FOREST PROTECTION, FOREST REGULATIONS, FOREST REHABILITATION, FOREST RESOURCE, FOREST RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, FOREST RESOURCES, FOREST SECTOR, FOREST SERVICE, FOREST SERVICES, FOREST STEWARDSHIP, FOREST STOCK, FOREST TECHNOLOGY, FOREST USER, FORESTRY, FORESTRY AGENCY, FORESTRY INSTITUTIONS, FORESTRY OPERATIONS, FORESTRY PRACTICES, FORESTRY PROGRAM, FORESTRY PROGRAMS, FOSSIL FUEL, FOSSIL FUELS, FUELS, GENETIC, GENETIC MATERIAL, GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION, GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM, GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY, GLOBAL DEFORESTATION, HARVESTERS, HOUSEHOLD ENERGY, ILLEGAL HARVESTING, INDIGENOUS FORESTS, IRON, ISSUES, LAND ACQUISITION, LAND HOLDINGS, LAND TENURE, LANDOWNERSHIP, LARGE TRACTS OF LAND, LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS, LIVESTOCK, LOGS, MANAGED FOREST, MANAGED FORESTS, MARKET PRICES, MEDICINAL PLANTS, MINES, MORATORIUM, NATIONAL CONSERVATION POLICIES, NATIONAL FOREST, NATIONAL FOREST AUTHORITY, NATIVE SPECIES, NATURAL FOREST, NATURAL FOREST MANAGEMENT, NATURAL FOREST RESOURCES, NATURAL FORESTS, NATURAL REGENERATION, NATURAL RESOURCE, NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES, NATURAL RESOURCES, NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, NUMBERS OF TREES, OIL, OLIGOPOLY, OPPORTUNITY COSTS, PASTURE, PINE, PLANT, PLANTING, POOR LAW ENFORCEMENT, POPULATION GROWTH, POULTRY, QUOTAS, REFORESTATION, REGENERATION, REGIONAL FOREST, REGIONAL FOREST SERVICE, RENEWABLE ENERGY, RESERVES, RESINS, RESTAURANTS, RURAL COMMUNITIES, SAFETY NET, SEEDLING PRODUCTION, SHIFTING CULTIVATION, SILVICULTURE, SOCIAL FORESTRY, SPECIES COMPOSITION, STATE FOREST, STATE FOREST AGENCIES, STATE FOREST SERVICE, STATE FORESTS, SUBSISTENCE USE, SUPPLIERS, SUPPLY CHAIN, SUSTAINABLE EXTRACTION, SUSTAINABLE FOREST, SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT, SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY, SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT, TIMBER, TIMBER FOREST, TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS, TIMBER PRODUCTION, TREE, TREE FARMING, TREE PLANTING, TREES, URBAN FORESTRY, VILLAGE FOREST, VILLAGES, WEAK ENFORCEMENT, WEAK LAW ENFORCEMENT, WOOD, WOOD CHIPS, WOOD ENERGY, WOOD FOREST PRODUCTS, WOOD MARKET, WOOD PRODUCERS, WOOD PRODUCTION, WOOD PRODUCTS, WOOD RESOURCES, WOOD SALES, WOOD SHORTAGES, WOODLAND, WOODLANDS