Early Childhood Development through an Integrated Program : Evidence from the Philippines

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dc.creatorArmecin, Graeme
dc.creatorBehrman, Jere R.
dc.creatorDuazo, Paulita
dc.creatorGhuman, Sharon
dc.creatorGultiano, Socorro
dc.creatorKing, Elizabeth M.
dc.creatorLee, Nannette
dc.date2012-06-21T17:02:21Z
dc.date2012-06-21T17:02:21Z
dc.date2006-05
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:07:24Z
dc.descriptionMore attention and resources have been devoted in recent years to early childhood development (ECD) in low- and middle-income countries. Rigorous studies on the effectiveness of ECD-related programs for improving children's development in various dimensions in the developing world are scant. The authors evaluate an important ECD initiative of the Philippine government using longitudinal data collected over three years on a cohort of 6,693 children age 0-4 years at baseline in two "treatment" regions and a "control" region that did not receive the intervention. The initiative includes a wide range of health, nutrition, early education, and social services programs. The authors estimate its impact by using "intent-to-treat" difference-in-difference propensity score matching estimators to control for a variety of observed characteristics measured at the municipality, barangay, household, and child level and unobserved fixed characteristics, with differential impacts by age of children and duration of exposure to the program. There has been a significant improvement in the cognitive, social, motor, and language development, and in short-term nutritional status of children who reside in ECD program areas compared to those in non-program areas, particularly for those under age four at the end of the evaluation period. The proportions of children below age four with worms and diarrhea also have been lowered significantly in program compared to non-program areas, but there are effects in the opposite direction for older children so the overall impact on these two indicators is mixed.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/05/6783625/early-childhood-development-through-integrated-program-evidence-philippines
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/8659
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3922
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/415394
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper; No. 3922
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectAGED
dc.subjectATTENTION
dc.subjectAUTISM
dc.subjectCHILD DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectCHILD HEALTH
dc.subjectCHILD MALNUTRITION
dc.subjectCOGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectCONTROL GROUPS
dc.subjectCOUNSELING
dc.subjectDAY CARE
dc.subjectDAY CARE CENTERS
dc.subjectDAY CARE PROVIDERS
dc.subjectDAY CARE WORKERS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENTAL POTENTIAL
dc.subjectDIARRHEAL DISEASES
dc.subjectEARLY CHILD DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD CARE
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectEARLY EDUCATION
dc.subjectECCD
dc.subjectECCD PROGRAMS
dc.subjectECD
dc.subjectECD PROGRAMS
dc.subjectEDUCATION PROGRAMS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subjectEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectFAMILIES
dc.subjectFINE MOTOR SKILLS
dc.subjectFORMAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectGROWTH MONITORING
dc.subjectHEAD START
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE
dc.subjectHEALTH SERVICES
dc.subjectHOME VISITS
dc.subjectHOSPITALS
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectIMMUNIZATION
dc.subjectINFANT MORTALITY
dc.subjectINFANTS
dc.subjectINFORMATION CAMPAIGNS
dc.subjectINSTRUCTION
dc.subjectINTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS
dc.subjectINTERVENTION
dc.subjectINTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectIRON
dc.subjectLANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectLANGUAGE SKILLS
dc.subjectLEARNING
dc.subjectLITERACY
dc.subjectLOW BIRTH WEIGHT
dc.subjectMALNUTRITION
dc.subjectMEDICINES
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectMORTALITY
dc.subjectMOTOR SKILLS
dc.subjectNUMERACY
dc.subjectNURSES
dc.subjectNUTRITION
dc.subjectNUTRITIONAL STATUS
dc.subjectPARENT EDUCATION
dc.subjectPARENTING
dc.subjectPATIENTS
dc.subjectPOPULATION STUDIES
dc.subjectPREGNANT WOMEN
dc.subjectPRESCHOOL CHILDREN
dc.subjectPRIMARY HEALTH CARE
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectPSYCHOLOGY
dc.subjectPUBLIC HEALTH
dc.subjectQUALITY PRESCHOOL
dc.subjectRECOGNITION
dc.subjectSCHOOL AGE CHILDREN
dc.subjectSCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN
dc.subjectSCHOOLING
dc.subjectSCHOOLS
dc.subjectSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSOCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectSOCIAL SKILLS
dc.subjectSPECIAL NEEDS
dc.subjectTEACHERS
dc.subjectTEACHING
dc.subjectTEACHING MATERIALS
dc.subjectTHOUGHTS
dc.subjectVERBAL COMMUNICATION
dc.subjectWALKING
dc.subjectWORKERS
dc.subjectYOUNG CHILDREN
dc.subjectYOUNGSTERS
dc.subjectYOUTH
dc.titleEarly Childhood Development through an Integrated Program : Evidence from the Philippines

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