Safe re-use practices in wastewater-irrigated urban vegetable farming in Ghana

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dc.creatorKeraita, Bernard N.
dc.creatorAbaidoo, Robert C.
dc.creatorBeernaerts, Ines
dc.creatorKoo-Oshima, Sasha
dc.creatorAmoah, Philip
dc.creatorDrechsel, Pay
dc.creatorKonradsen, Flemming
dc.date2012
dc.date2013-11-21T06:40:31Z
dc.date2014-02-02T16:39:50Z
dc.date2013-11-21T06:40:31Z
dc.date2014-02-02T16:39:50Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-27T18:25:04Z
dc.descriptionIrrigation using untreated wastewater poses health risks to farmers and consumers of crop products, especially vegetables. With hardly any wastewater treatment in Ghana, a multiple-barrier approach was adopted and safe re-use practices were developed through action research involving a number of stakeholders at different levels along the food chain. This paper presents an overview of safe re-use practices including farm-based water treatment methods, water application techniques, post-harvest handling practices, and washing methods. The overview is based on a comprehensive analysis of the literature and our own specific studies, which used data from a broad range of research methods and approaches. Identifying, testing, and assessment of safe practices were done with the active participation of key actors using observations, extensive microbiological laboratory assessments, and field-based measurements. The results of our work and the work of others show that the practices developed had a great potential to reduce health risks, especially when used to complement each other at different levels of the food chain. Future challenges are the development of a comprehensive framework that best combines tested risk-reduction strategies for wide application by national stakeholders as well as their potential implementation into legally enforceable national standards.
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/34643
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/155192
dc.languageen
dc.publisherLyson Center for Civic Agriculture and Food Systems
dc.rightsOpen Access
dc.sourceKeraita, B., Abaidoo, R., Beernaerts, I., Koo-Oshima, S., Amoah, P., Drechsel, P., & Konradsen, F. (2012). Safe Re-use Practices in Wastewater-Irrigated Urban Vegetable Farming in Ghana. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 147–158. https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2012.024.004
dc.subjectwastewater irrigation
dc.subjectvegetables
dc.subjectwater reuse
dc.subjecthealth hazards
dc.subjectwastewater treatment
dc.subjectpostharvest technology
dc.subjectwashing
dc.subjectmethods
dc.subjectirrigation methods
dc.subjecturban areas
dc.subjectvegetable growing
dc.subjectorganizations
dc.titleSafe re-use practices in wastewater-irrigated urban vegetable farming in Ghana
dc.typeJournal Article

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Instituto Internacional para el Manejo del Agua (IWMI)