Development of balanced nutrient management innovations in South Asia: Perspectives from Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka

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dc.creatorKishore, Avinash
dc.creatorAlvi, Muzna
dc.creatorKrupnik, Timothy J.
dc.date2021-03-01
dc.date2024-05-22T12:10:44Z
dc.date2024-05-22T12:10:44Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-27T15:44:05Z
dc.descriptionImbalanced application of fertilizers is a major fiscal and environmental problem in South Asia. We review fertilizer policies and extension efforts to promote the balanced application of nutrients in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka and draw 4 important lessons. (1) Fertilizer sector reforms need to be fiscally sustainable and politically feasible. Governments in South Asia have abolished fertilizer subsidies on multiple occasions, only to restore them a few years later. (2) The use of phosphate and potash did not decline much even after a sharp increase in their prices in India in 2011–12. Therefore, rationalizing subsidies, while necessary, may not be sufficient to ensure balanced use of fertilizers. Changing farmers' practice requires combining the right incentives with the right information. (3) Soil test based soil health cards (SHC) hold promise, but there is limited evidence on their utility. India's SHC program had very little impact on fertilizer use. (4) Direct cash transfer (DCT) of fertilizer subsidies can reduce distortions, but Sri Lanka's experience shows that implementing it is more challenging than universal subsidies. DCT requires the removal of price controls, integration of land records farmer identity cards, a cash transfer system with universal coverage, and a competitive fertilizer retail sector.
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/142609
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/113122
dc.languageen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.rightsOpen Access
dc.sourceKishore, Avinash; Alvi, Muzna; and Krupnik, Timothy J. 2021. Development of balanced nutrient management innovations in South Asia: Perspectives from Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. Global Food Security 28(March 2021): 100464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100464
dc.subjectinnovation
dc.subjectfertilizers
dc.subjectpolicies
dc.subjectfertilizer subsidy
dc.subjectbiofertilizers
dc.subjectfarmers
dc.subjectsocial protection
dc.subjectsoil fertility
dc.subjectnutrition
dc.subjectorganic fertilizers
dc.subjectcash transfers
dc.subjectsubsidies
dc.subjectfertilizer policy
dc.subjectdiet
dc.titleDevelopment of balanced nutrient management innovations in South Asia: Perspectives from Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka
dc.typeJournal Article

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Instituto Internacional de Investigación sobre Políticas Alimentarias (IFPRI)