Peru : Social Safety Nets in Peru
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Washington, DC
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The report argues that the Peru's
Social Safety Net (SSN) reform process needs to be anchored
to a coherent national social safety net and poverty
reduction strategy. The report suggests that the SSN
interventions should be differentiated, as appropriate,
between the urban and rural parts of Peru. For instance,
workfare programs to deal with cyclical unemployment only
make sense in urban areas; and a nationally-led small-scale
infrastructure program (such as FONCODES) only makes sense
for rural areas. The Report also argues that the
implementation arrangements for the SSN strategy should be
differentiated for rural and urban areas, due the
differences in capacity between the municipal
administrations in the major cities and the rest of the
country. In the 30 biggest cities, SSN programs should be
decentralized, to ensure better responsiveness to local
needs and improved transparency. In the rest of the country,
for the foreseeable future, strong national agencies will be
needed to ensure that SSN programs are effective, but they
should work with local governments, as appropriate. The
present report provides an in-depth assessment of ways in
which Peru's social safety net could be made better
targeted and more effective. This complements the 2005
Poverty Assessment which estimated the potential impact on
poverty levels of a broad set of policies, including a more
efficient social safety net, but also including adequate
taxation policies and well-targeted, effective programs in
health, education, basic infrastructure and utility services.
Palabras clave
ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS, ATTENDANCE RATES, BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE, BENEFICIARIES, BENEFICIARY, BENEFICIARY FAMILIES, BENEFIT LEVEL, BENEFIT LEVELS, BENEFIT PACKAGE, CASH BENEFITS, CASH TRANSFER, CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM, CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS, CASH TRANSFERS, CHILD GROWTH, CHILD LABOR, CHILD MORTALITY, CHRONIC MALNUTRITION, COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT, CONDITIONAL CASH, CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA, CONSUMPTION POVERTY, CONTRIBUTORY PENSIONS, COPING STRATEGIES, CROP INSURANCE, CROWDING OUT, DAY CARE, DIRECT TRANSFERS, DONOR FUNDING, DROUGHT, DURABLE ASSETS, ECONOMIC CRISES, ECONOMIC CRISIS, ECONOMIC DOWNTURNS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC POLICIES, ECONOMIC RECESSION, ELDERLY PEOPLE, ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA, ELIGIBLE BENEFICIARIES, EMPLOYMENT CREATION, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES, EXTREME POOR HOUSEHOLDS, EXTREME POVERTY, EXTREME POVERTY LINE, EXTREME POVERTY LINES, EXTREMELY POOR HOUSEHOLDS, EXTREMELY POOR PEOPLE, FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN, FAMINE, FARMERS, FEE WAIVERS, FEEDING PROGRAMS, FOOD ASSISTANCE, FOOD DISTRIBUTION, FOOD PROGRAM, FOOD PROGRAMS, FOOD RATIONS, FOOD SUPPLEMENT, FOOD TRANSFER, FOOD TRANSFERS, FUTURE EARNINGS, GLOBAL FINANCIAL RISKS, HEALTH CARE SERVICES, HEALTH CENTER, HEALTH SERVICES, HEIGHT FOR AGE, HEIGHT-FOR-AGE, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, HOUSEHOLD LEVEL, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSEHOLDS WITH CHILDREN, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT, HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENTS, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, ILLITERACY, IMPACT ON POVERTY, INCOME, INCOME GAINS, INCOME INSECURITY, INCOME POVERTY, INCOME QUINTILE, INEQUALITY, INFANT MORTALITY, INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS, INSURANCE MARKETS, INSURANCE PROTECTION, INTERNATIONAL DONORS, IRRIGATION, LABOR SUPPLY, LIMITED ACCESS, LOW WAGES, MALNUTRITION, MARKET WAGE, MATERIAL POVERTY, MEANS TEST, MILK, MINIMUM WAGE, MUNICIPAL CAPACITY, MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT, NATIONAL POVERTY, NATURAL DISASTERS, NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, NUTRITION OUTCOMES, NUTRITION PROGRAM, NUTRITIONAL PROGRAMS, OLD AGE, PENSION, PENSIONS, PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POOR, POOR AREAS, POOR CHILDREN, POOR COMMUNITIES, POOR DISTRICTS, POOR FAMILIES, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, POOR PEOPLE, POOR RURAL COMMUNITIES, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, POVERTY GAP, POVERTY IMPACT, POVERTY INCIDENCE, POVERTY LEVELS, POVERTY LINE, POVERTY LINES, POVERTY MAP, POVERTY MAPS, POVERTY RATE, POVERTY RATES, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION IMPACT, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY, POVERTY STATUS, PREVENTIVE HEALTH, PROGRAM ELIGIBILITY, PROTECTION POLICY, PUBLIC PENSION, PUBLIC SERVICES, PUBLIC SPENDING, PUBLIC SUBSIDIES, PUBLIC TRANSFERS, PUBLIC WORKS, PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS, QUALITATIVE DATA, RECESSIONS, RECIPROCITY, REDUCTION IN POVERTY, REFORM PROCESS, RURAL, RURAL AREA, RURAL AREAS, RURAL COMMUNITIES, RURAL DISTRICTS, RURAL ECONOMY, RURAL GIRLS, RURAL POVERTY, RURAL POVERTY LEVELS, RURAL ROADS, RURAL STRATEGY, RURAL WORKFORCE, SAFETY NET PROGRAMS, SANITATION, SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, SCHOOL BREAKFAST, SCHOOL ENROLLMENT, SCHOOL FEEDING, SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMS, SCHOOL VOUCHERS, SERVICE PROVIDERS, SHOCK, SMALL-SCALE INFRASTRUCTURE, SMALL-SCALE IRRIGATION, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, SOCIAL CAPITAL, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL FUND, SOCIAL FUNDS, SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE, SOCIAL INSURANCE, SOCIAL INSURANCE PROGRAMS, SOCIAL PROGRAM, SOCIAL PROGRAMS, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SOCIAL PROTECTION SPENDING, SOCIAL SAFETY NET, SOCIAL SAFETY NETS, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL SERVICES, SOCIAL SPENDING, SSN, STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT, SUPPORT PROGRAM, TARGETING, TARGETING MECHANISMS, TAXATION, TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT, TEMPORARY UNEMPLOYMENT, TRANSFER PROGRAM, TRANSFER PROGRAMS, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE, UNSKILLED LABOR, UNSKILLED WORKERS, VEGETABLES, VULNERABLE GROUP, VULNERABLE GROUPS, WAGE BILL, WAGE GROWTH, WAGE RATE, WORKFARE