Towards Sustainable Shrimp Culture Development: Implementing the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF)
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Cultured shrimp have been the driving force behind the strong increase in shrimp trade during the late 1980s and early 1990s making it, in value terms, the most important seafood product traded internationally. In fact, over one quarter of the shrimp traded internationally comes from aquaculture. Recently, increasing publicity has been given to environmental and social issues related to shrimp farming, which together with shrimp disease outbreaks in various countries have raised questions about the sustainability of shrimp farming. Some organizations and individuals have judged shrimp farming to be un-sustainable. Whilst practices can be identified in some situations where there are indications of threats to sustainability (e.g. environmental impacts, shrimp disease outbreaks, social conflicts, etc), it is equally possible to identify farms and farming systems among the diversity of shrimp farming practices which have grown shrimp over many years, without apparent adverse social conflicts or environmental impacts. Among the various challenges which the shrimp culture sector is facing nowadays, is the need to properly identify and promote those systems and management practices – among the diversity of practices - which are sustainable and promote these as a contribution to sustainable development for people in coastal areas.