Arab Forum For Rural Advisory Services (AFRAS)
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The Arab Forum for Rural Advisory Services (AFRAS) strengthens rural advisory and extension systems across the Arab region by linking public, private, and civil-society providers to scale inclusive, climate-smart services. In Egypt, agriculture remains a cornerstone of Egypt’s economy and poverty reduction strategy, employing 19 percent of the population (World Bank, 2023). In 2021, agricultural land covered 4.1 percent of total land area (about 4.03 million hectares), up from 3.83 million in 2019. The sector is highly fragmented: 81 percent of farms are under three feddans, with an average holding of less than one feddan. Women own only 5.72 percent of landholdings (FAO, 2023a). Expansion is possible through desert land reclamation, largely driven by private farms using groundwater.However, the sector faces major challenges, including water scarcity, land degradation, climate change impacts, and limited market access/value addition for farmers.