Microorganismos que mejoran el crecimiento de las plantas y la calidad de los suelos. Revisión

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Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria

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The present article of revision arise from theory and practical subjects developed during the course “Characterization and contribution of plant growth-promoting microorganisms in the agricultural sustainability” carried out in the Laboratory of soil microbiology of the Colombian Corporation of Agricultural Research (Corpoica) located in mosquera (Cundinamarca), Colombia, in July 2010. This activity is in the framework of the Dimiagri network that includes researchers from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, spain, Guatemala, mexico and uruguay, gathered in a Coordination Action funded by the Iberoamerican Program of Science and Technology for the Development (CyT eD). Aspects inherent to the growth and plant health, root system, the surrounding soil (rhizosphere), microorganisms that system partners and their contribution to sustainable management of soil-plant were analyzed in this work. Topics related to the microbial biodiversity and its effect on soil quality; nutrient cycling in the soil by microbiological activity; the importance of microorganisms in plant growth- promotion and their biotechnological application as an alternative to favor sustainability and soil quality were presented. The aim of this review is to show important concepts related to the soil-plant-microorganism system, which will allow to achieve the general objective: to mitigate the negative environmental impact due to the excessive use of chemical products on agricultural crops by using plant growth-promoting microorganisms, including bacteria and beneficial fungi associated to plant roots.

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