Combating Land Degradation in Production Landscapes : Learning from GEF Projects Applying Integrated Approaches
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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During the Fifth Replenishment Phase of
the Global Environment Facility (GEF-5), portfolio
monitoring and learning review were introduced as key
components of knowledge management in the GEF Secretariat.
These strategies were intended to address the need to
generate knowledge on innovative practices, experiences, and
lessons from projects financed by the GEF. In that regard,
the Land Degradation focal area strategy for GEF-5
specifically included a learning objective on the catalytic
effect of the GEF integrated Approaches, practices focused
on integrating the management of land, soil, water,
biodiversity, and biomass, in production systems
(agriculture, rangelands, and forest landscapes). The focal
area strategy embodies the landscape approach and integrated
ecosystem management principles to maximize the global
environmental benefits of combating land degradation. As a
result of that focus, the strategy also addresses the need
to harness and safeguard ecosystem services (carbon cycling,
biodiversity, hydrological flows, and healthy soils). This
report synthesizes the review of the catalytic role of the
GEF in promoting integrated approaches in production
systems, which are the primary focus of the Land Degradation
focal area. The report highlights the context and rationale
for GEF financing under OP 12 and OP 15, the catalytic role
of GEF financing in promoting integrated approaches, and
lessons from the application of integrated approaches to
combat land degradation. Because the focus was entirely on
learning, this report offers no specific judgments or
interpretations about environmental or development impacts
of GEF investments. Rather, it highlights the processes,
practices, tools, and knowledge innovations embodied in
projects that apply integrated approaches.
Palabras clave
ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT, AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AGROFORESTRY, AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS, BIODIVERSITY, BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION, BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY, BIOMASS, BIOSPHERE, BIOSPHERE RESERVES, CARBON, CARBON DIOXIDE, CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS, CARBON IN BIOMASS, CARBON SEQUESTRATION, CATALYTIC ROLE, CLIMATE, CLIMATE CHANGE, COASTAL LAND, COASTAL LAND USE, COASTAL ZONES, COMBATING LAND DEGRADATION, COMPONENTS OF ECOSYSTEMS, CONSERVATION PROGRAMS, DECISION MAKING, DEFORESTATION, DEFORESTATION RATES, DEGRADATION OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES, DEMOGRAPHICS, DROUGHT, DRYLAND AREAS, DRYLANDS, EARTH SUMMIT, ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS, ECONOMIC PRODUCTIVITY, ECOSYSTEM, ECOSYSTEM APPROACH, ECOSYSTEM COMPONENTS, ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT, ECOSYSTEM RESILIENCE, ECOSYSTEM SERVICE, ECOSYSTEM SERVICES, ECOSYSTEM STABILITY, ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE, ECOSYSTEMS, EMISSIONS, ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS, ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUE, ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES, ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY, ENVIRONMENTS, EROSION CONTROL, FIELD VISITS, FISHERIES, FISHING, FISHING COMMUNITIES, FOOD PRODUCTION, FOREST, FOREST DEGRADATION, FOREST LANDSCAPE, FOREST LANDSCAPES, FOREST MANAGEMENT, FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANS, FOREST PRODUCTION, FOREST PRODUCTS, FOREST RESOURCES, FORESTRY, FORESTS, FUEL, GENETIC RESOURCES, GLOBAL DEFORESTATION, GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT, GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY, GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS, GREENHOUSE, GREENHOUSE GAS, GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, GREENHOUSE GASES, GROUNDWATER, GROUNDWATER RECHARGE, HABITAT, HABITAT LOSS, HABITATS, HEALTH RISKS, HEALTHY ECOSYSTEMS, HYDROLOGICAL FLOWS, IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, INCOME, LAND CONVERSION, LAND CONVERSION PROGRAM, LAND DEGRADATION, LAND DEGRADATION PREVENTION, LAND RESOURCES, LAND USE, LAND USE PLANNING, LAND USE PRACTICES, LAND USE SYSTEMS, LAND USER, LAND USERS, LAND USES, LANDSCAPE, LANDSCAPE APPROACH, LANDSCAPE LEVEL, LANDSCAPES, LIVING CONDITIONS, LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY, LOSS OF BIOMASS, LOSS OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES, MARINE ECOSYSTEMS, MARINE FISHERIES, NATURAL HABITATS, NATURAL RESOURCE, NATURAL RESOURCE DEGRADATION, NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, NATURAL RESOURCE USE, NATURAL RESOURCES, NATURE, NEGATIVE EFFECTS, OVERGRAZING, PARTICIPATORY APPROACHES, PASTORAL SYSTEMS, PASTURE MANAGEMENT, POLLUTION, PRODUCERS, PUBLIC GOOD, RANGELAND, RANGELANDS, REFORESTATION, REPLENISHMENT, RESERVOIRS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, RESOURCE USE, RIPARIAN FORESTS, RIVER BASINS, SOIL EROSION, SOIL FERTILITY, SPECIES, SPECIES CONSERVATION, STATE FORESTRY, STATE FORESTRY ADMINISTRATION, SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE FOREST, SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT, SUSTAINABLE LAND, SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT, SUSTAINABLE LAND USE, SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS, SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT, SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF FORESTS, SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION, SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS, SUSTAINABLE USE, SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIODIVERSITY, SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY, SUSTAINABLE USE OF ECOSYSTEMS, TRADEOFFS, TRADITIONAL SYSTEMS, VEGETATION, WATER HARVESTING, WATERSHED, WATERSHED MANAGEMENT, WETLANDS, WILDLIFE, WOODLAND, WOODLANDS