Resilience Analysis in Senegal 2005.
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Senegal is one among the poorest countries in the world, but due to its political and social stability its economy is more developed compared to its neighbouring countries. However, the country is prone to natural and economic shocks which have particular negative effects on the resilience capacity and food security of its population. Low rainfall and drought are chronic problems in several locations of the country while occurrence of food crises and food price shocks, have increased the vulnera bility of the population to shocks in the last decades. Against this background, reinforcing household resilience to deal with recurrent and often complex shocks is a key element to be taken into account in poverty reduction interventions. Resilience is defined according to the RMTWG’s definition (2014):1 “the capacity that ensures adverse stressors and shocks do not have long-lasting adverse development consequences”. FAO has been on the front line of resilience measurement since 2008. Together with other key partners, FAO has been pioneering resilience measurement and analysis with respect to food insecurity through the Resilience Index Measurement and Analysis (RIMA)2 model which has been used to undertake the present analysis. This RIMA index identifies and weighs the six pillars and relating factors that contribute to make household resilient to shocks affecting their food security. It also allows tracing the stability of these factors over time. The pillars that constitute the FA O-RIMA model are: Adaptive Capacity (AC), Access to Basic Services (ABS), Assets (AST), Income and Food Access (IFA), Sensitivity (S), and Social Safety Nets(SSN), The resilience analysis using the FAO RIMA model provides the evidence for more effectively designing, delivering, monitoring and evaluating assistance to populations in need, based on what they need most.