Religious School Enrollment in Pakistan : A Look at the Data

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dc.creatorAndrabi, Tahir
dc.creatorDas, Jishnu
dc.creatorKhwaja, Asim Ijaz
dc.creatorZajonc, Tristan
dc.date2012-06-25T14:46:33Z
dc.date2012-06-25T14:46:33Z
dc.date2005-02
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:24:31Z
dc.descriptionBold assertions have been made in policy reports and popular articles on the high and increasing enrollment in Pakistani religious schools, commonly known as madrassas. Given the importance placed on the subject by policymakers in Pakistan and those internationally, it is troubling that none of the reports and articles reviewed based their analysis on publicly available data or established statistical methodologies. The authors of this paper use published data sources and a census of schooling choice to show that existing estimates are inflated by an order of magnitude. Madrassas account for less than 1 percent of all enrollment in the country and there is no evidence of a dramatic increase in recent years. The educational landscape in Pakistan has changed substantially in the past decade, but this is due to an explosion of private schools, an important fact that has been left out of the debate on Pakistani education. Moreover, when the authors look at school choice, they find that no one explanation fits the data. While most existing theories of madrassa enrollment are based on household attributes (for instance, a preference for religious schooling or the household s access to other schooling options), the data show that among households with at least one child enrolled in a madrassa, 75 percent send their second (and/or third) child to a public or private school or both. Widely promoted theories simply do not explain this substantial variation within households.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/02/5629056/religious-school-enrollment-pakistan-look-data
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/8914
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3521
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/417820
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper; No. 3521
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectACCESS TO EDUCATION
dc.subjectADULTS
dc.subjectAGED
dc.subjectCALL
dc.subjectDISABLED CHILDREN
dc.subjectEDUCATION SECTOR
dc.subjectEDUCATION STATISTICS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL HISTORY
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
dc.subjectENROLLMENT
dc.subjectENROLLMENT GROWTH
dc.subjectENROLLMENT RATE
dc.subjectENROLLMENT RATES
dc.subjectENROLLMENTS
dc.subjectEXERCISES
dc.subjectFAMILIES
dc.subjectGER
dc.subjectGIRLS
dc.subjectGROSS ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectGROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectJOURNALS
dc.subjectLEARNING
dc.subjectLITERACY
dc.subjectLITERACY CLASSES
dc.subjectMEDIA
dc.subjectORPHANS
dc.subjectPAPERS
dc.subjectPARENTS
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPRIVATE SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPUBLIC EDUCATION
dc.subjectPUBLIC SCHOOLS
dc.subjectRELIGIOUS EDUCATION
dc.subjectSCHOOL CENSUS
dc.subjectSCHOOL CHOICE
dc.subjectSCHOOL ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectSCHOOLING
dc.subjectSCHOOLS
dc.subjectSECULAR EDUCATION
dc.subjectSIBLINGS
dc.subjectTEACHING
dc.titleReligious School Enrollment in Pakistan : A Look at the Data

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