Independent State of Samoa School Autonomy and Accountability : SABER Country Report 2013

World Bank

Independent State of Samoa School Autonomy and Accountability : SABER Country Report 2013

Autores

World Bank

Editor

Washington, DC

Descripción

Education in the Samoa is highly decentralized. While education policy is the sole responsibility of the Ministry of education, school boards are responsible for delivery. The entire organization of the school system is based on checks and balances to ensure accountability. Budgetary autonomy is established. The school board controls the school budget, with input from parents. Personnel management is established. Salaries are relatively fixed by civil service rules at the primary school level, but completely negotiable at the secondary school level. The school board controls the hiring and firing of teachers and principals. Participation of parents in school governance is established. There is an accountability system comprised of different supervisory institutions where parents are formally represented. School autonomy and accountability are key components to ensure education quality. The transfer of core managerial responsibilities to schools promotes local accountability, helps reflect local priorities, values, and needs, and gives teachers the opportunity to establish a personal commitment to students and their parents. There are five indicators of school autonomy and accountability that can help benchmark an education system's policies that enable school autonomy and accountability: school autonomy in budget planning and approval; school autonomy in personnel management; the participation of the school council in school finance; the assessment of school and student performance; and school accountability to stakeholders. This report focuses specifically on policies in the area of school autonomy and accountability.

Palabras clave

ACADEMIC YEAR, ACCESS TO EDUCATION, ACHIEVEMENT, ANECDOTAL EVIDENCE, ASSESSMENT METHODS, AVERAGE PUPIL-TEACHER RATIO, BARRIER, CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS, CHURCHES, CIVIL SERVICE, CIVIL SOCIETY, CLASSROOM, CLASSROOM LEVEL, CLASSROOM TEACHER, COMMUNITIES, COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION, COMPULSORY EDUCATION, COMPULSORY EDUCATION ACT, CORE COURSES, COST OF EDUCATION, CURRICULUM PLAN, CURRICULUM REQUIREMENTS, DECENTRALIZATION, DEGREES, DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT, DIAGNOSTIC TEST, DONOR SUPPORT, EARLY CHILDHOOD, EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION, EDUCATION DECENTRALIZATION, EDUCATION FACILITIES, EDUCATION FINANCE, EDUCATION INDICATORS, EDUCATION MANAGEMENT, EDUCATION MINISTERS, EDUCATION PERSONNEL, EDUCATION POLICY, EDUCATION QUALITY, EDUCATION SECTOR, EDUCATION SYSTEM, EDUCATION SYSTEMS, EDUCATIONAL ASSESSMENT, EDUCATIONAL NEEDS, EDUCATIONAL QUALITY, EDUCATIONAL REGULATIONS, EFFECTIVE TEACHERS, EXPENDITURES, FACULTY OF EDUCATION, GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE, HEAD TEACHER, HEAD TEACHERS, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INSTRUCTION, INTERVENTIONS, LEADERSHIP, LEARNING, LEARNING ENVIRONMENT, LEARNING MATERIALS, LEARNING OUTCOMES, LEARNING PROCESSES, LEVEL OF EDUCATION, LEVELS OF EDUCATION, LITERACY, MANUALS, MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, MOVEMENT, NATIONAL CURRICULUM, NATIONAL EDUCATION, NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICIES, NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS, NATIONAL SCHOOL, NET ENROLLMENT, NET ENROLLMENT RATE, NUMBER OF STUDENTS, NUMERACY, PARENT INVOLVEMENT, PARENT PARTICIPATION, PARENTAL PARTICIPATION, PARTICIPATION BY PARENTS, PARTICIPATION IN SCHOOLS, PARTICIPATION OF PARENTS, PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICES, PEDAGOGY, POST SECONDARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY CURRICULUM, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY LEVEL, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILD, PRIMARY SCHOOL GRADUATES, PRIVATE SCHOOLS, PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT, PROVISION OF EDUCATION, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION, PUPIL-TEACHER RATIO, QUALITY ASSURANCE, QUALITY EDUCATION, QUALITY LEARNING, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, QUALITY TEACHERS, REASONING, REPEATERS, RESOURCES FOR EDUCATION, RURAL EDUCATION, RURAL SCHOOLS, SAFETY, SCHOOL ACTIVITIES, SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION, SCHOOL AUTONOMY, SCHOOL BUILDINGS, SCHOOL COMMITTEE, SCHOOL COMMITTEES, SCHOOL COMMUNITY, SCHOOL COUNCIL, SCHOOL COUNCILS, SCHOOL CURRICULUM, SCHOOL DEVELOPMENT, SCHOOL DEVELOPMENT PLAN, SCHOOL EFFECTIVENESS, SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT, SCHOOL FACILITIES, SCHOOL FEE, SCHOOL FEES, SCHOOL FUNDING, SCHOOL GOVERNANCE, SCHOOL GRADUATES, SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT, SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT PLAN, SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE, SCHOOL LEADERS, SCHOOL LEARNING, SCHOOL LEVEL, SCHOOL LEVELS, SCHOOL MAINTENANCE, SCHOOL MANAGEMENT, SCHOOL NUTRITION, SCHOOL OPERATION, SCHOOL OPERATIONS, SCHOOL PERFORMANCE, SCHOOL PERSONNEL, SCHOOL PRINCIPALS, SCHOOL QUALITY, SCHOOL READINESS, SCHOOL STAFF, SCHOOL SUPERVISORS, SCHOOL SYSTEM, SCHOOL YEAR, SCHOOLS, SCHOOLS WITH STUDENTS, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SECONDARY SCHOOL, SELECTION OF TEXTBOOKS, SKILL DEVELOPMENT, SPECIAL NEEDS, SPORTS, STAFF SALARIES, STANDARDIZED TESTS, STUDENT ASSESSMENT, STUDENT ASSESSMENTS, STUDENT ENROLLMENT, STUDENT LEARNING, STUDENT PERFORMANCE, STUDENT-TEACHER RATIO, SUPPLY OF TEACHERS, TEACHER, TEACHER DEVELOPMENT, TEACHER PERFORMANCE, TEACHER QUALITY, TEACHER SALARIES, TEACHER TRAINING, TEACHING, TEACHING MATERIALS, TEACHING PERSONNEL, TEACHING POSITIONS, TEACHING STAFF, TEACHING SYSTEMS, TECHNICAL TRAINING, TERTIARY EDUCATION, TEST SCORES, TEXTBOOKS, TRAINING NEEDS, TRAINING PROGRAMS, TRANSFER OF TEACHERS, TRANSPORTATION, TUITION, UNIVERSITY EDUCATION, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS, YOUTH