Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving rice yield: The influence of cultivars, soil salinity, and nitrogen management

Islam, S.M. Mofijul; Gaihre, Yam Kanta; Islam, Mohammad Nazrul; Suvo, Tamal Patra; Sander, Bjoern Ole; Habib, Muhammad Ashraful; Islam, Aminul; Nayak, Swati; Singh, Upendra; Hasegawa, Toshihiro; Islam, Md. Rafiqul

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving rice yield: The influence of cultivars, soil salinity, and nitrogen management

Autores

Islam, S.M. Mofijul

Gaihre, Yam Kanta

Islam, Mohammad Nazrul

Suvo, Tamal Patra

Sander, Bjoern Ole

Habib, Muhammad Ashraful

Editor

Elsevier

Descripción

Greenhouse gas emissions from rice cultivation are a significant contributor to climate change. Therefore, it is essential to consider effective mitigation strategies. A multi-location field experiment was conducted in Bangladesh over two consecutive Boro (dry) and Aman (wet) seasons, examining four rice cultivars and two nitrogen rates in both non-saline soils of Gazipur and coastal saline soils of Satkhira. The results indicated that BRRI dhan67 reduced methane (CH4) emissions by 11–14 % at 139 kg N ha−1 and by 9–12 % at 174 kg N ha−1 compared to BRRI dhan50 and BRRI dhan92 in the Boro season. Similarly, BRRI hybrid dhan3 reduced emissions by 6–9 % at 139 kg N ha−1 and by 11–14 % at 174 kg N ha−1 relative to BRRI dhan50 and BRRI dhan92. In the Aman season, BRRI dhan75 and BRRI hybrid dhan6 reduced CH4 emissions by approximately 10–14 % and 7–11 %, respectively, compared to BRRI dhan87 and BRRI dhan90. The impact of rice cultivars on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions was insignificant in both seasons. A 20 % reduction in nitrogen from the recommended rates resulted in a 6 % decrease in CH4 emissions and 17 % decrease in N2O emissions, with no significant yield loss. Across cultivars and nitrogen rates, coastal saline soils emitted about 10 % less CH4 (p < 0.05) than non-saline soils. However, non-saline soils in Gazipur yielded about 11 % more and had around 13 % higher total nitrogen uptake than coastal saline soils in Satkhira. This study highlights the potential of climate-smart rice cultivars and optimized nitrogen management in promoting sustainable, low-emission rice cultivation in both saline and non-saline environments.

Palabras clave

methane emissions, greenhouse gas emissions, nitrous oxide, nitrogen management, varieties, rice, climate change mitigation, climate-smart agriculture, saline soils