Rehabilitating and conserving the mountain landscapes in Khangai region of Mongolia for improved ecosystem services and community livelihoods
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FAO ;
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Land degradation -- driven by overgrazing, mining, lack of sustainable forest management, and climate change -- has become a major environmental challenge to Mongolia’s sustainable development. As of 2015, 76.8% of the country’s area was under various degrees of degradation. In the period 2000-2015, 2.78 hectares of tree-covered area was degraded. According to the National Report on the Rangeland Health of Mongolia (2018), 57.7% of Mongolia’s rangelands are in a degraded state, of which 13.5% of slightly degraded, 21.1% moderately degraded, 12.8% heavily degraded, and 10.3% fully degraded. This is adversely impacting the country’s biodiversity, ecosystem services and community livelihoods, and impeding its advancements toward sustainable development. The annual cost of land degradation in Mongolia has been estimated at USD 2.1 billion, equivalent to 43% of the GDP.