Cooperative Behavior and Common Pool Resources
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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This paper examines whether cooperative
behavior by respondents measured as contributions in a
one-shot public goods game correlates with reported
pro-forest collective action behaviors. All the outcomes
analyzed are costly in terms of time, land, or money. The
study finds significant evidence that more cooperative
individuals (or those who believe their group members will
cooperate) engage in collective action behaviors that
support common forests, once the analysis is adjusted for
demographic factors, wealth, and location. Those who
contribute more in the public goods experiment are found to
be more likely to have planted trees in community forests
during the previous month and to have invested in biogas.
They also have planted more trees on their own farms and
spent more time monitoring community forests. As cooperation
appears to be highly conditional on beliefs about others’
cooperation, these results suggest that policies to support
cooperation and strengthen local governance could be
important for collective action and economic outcomes
associated with forest resources. As forest management and
quality in developing countries is particularly important
for climate change policy, these results suggest that
international efforts such as the United Nations
Collaborative Programme on Reducing Emissions from
Deforestation and Forest Degradation should pay particular
attention to supporting governance and cooperation at the
local level.
Palabras clave
DIVERGENCE, FOREST DEGRADATION, FOREST MANAGEMENT OUTCOMES, FISH, COMMUNITY FORESTS, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, CALCULATION, FOREST GUARD, FOREST MANAGEMENT, REDUCING EMISSIONS, FOREST CONDITION, CARBON, FOREST CONSERVATION, FOREST GUARDS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, PROPERTY RIGHTS, TIMBER, CLEAN ENERGY, FORESTRY PROJECT, EMISSIONS, FOREST RESOURCE ASSESSMENT, BIOGAS, RURAL LIVELIHOODS, PLANTING, ATMOSPHERE, SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT, COMMUNITY FOREST MANAGEMENT, INCENTIVES, MODELS, INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH, FORESTRY PROGRAM, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TREES, ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMISTS, CONDITIONALITY, PARTICIPATORY FORESTRY, FOREST MONITORING, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, OPEN ACCESS, KNOWLEDGE, BIOMASS, COMMON, FOREST USER, FOREST SECTOR, LABOR COSTS, NATIONAL FORESTS, NATURAL CAPITAL, APPROPRIATION, CAPACITY, HETEROGENEITY, WATER, CARBON SEQUESTRATION, EQUILIBRIA, NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, RAINFALL, COMMON FORESTS, FORESTRY, FOREST ECOSYSTEM, FOREST RESOURCES, ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS, NATURAL RESOURCES, FUELS, FISHING, COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCE, LAND USE, RESOURCES, FOREST FRUITS, ECOSYSTEM, LEAD, FORESTRY RESEARCH, CLIMATE CHANGE, CARBON STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, FOREST COVER, VALUES, PRIVATE FORESTS, COMMONS, POLICY MAKERS, ELECTRICITY, DEFORESTATION, CLIMATE, TRAGEDY OF THE COMMONS, FORESTS, AGRICULTURE, ENVIRONMENTS, FUELWOOD, PROPERTY, AGRICULTURAL LAND, FOREST, OPPORTUNITY COSTS, FODDER, FOREST RESOURCE, TRANSACTION COSTS, ENVIRONMENT, ECONOMICS, FOREST COVER CHANGE, COMMON PROPERTY, SOIL, ENFORCEMENT, FOREST LAND, ECONOMIC FACTORS, DEGRADATION, TRADE, LAND, EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION, NATURAL RESOURCE, WATERSHED, CONTROLLED FORESTS, FARMS, COMMUNITY FORESTRY, COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, COOPERATION, FUEL, ECOLOGY, COUNTRY FORESTS, LESS, FISHERY, CROP RESIDUES, ECONOMISTS, ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS, COMMUNITY FOREST, FOREST QUALITY, TIMBER SPECIES, FOREST ACTIVITIES, ENVIRONMENTAL, COLLECTIVE ACTION, FOREST AREA, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, PUBLIC GOOD, FOREST GOVERNANCE, FISHERS, BENEFITS, ENERGY, PUBLIC GOODS