Whitefly species and their parasitoids associated with huizache Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd. (Fabales: Fabaceae) in the Bermejillo area of Durango, Mexico
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Universidad Autónoma Chapingo
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Samplings of insects associated with huizache were carried out from March to September 2013 in ten huizache trees located at Chapingo Autonomous University’s Drylands Regional University Unit (URUZA), located in Bermejillo, Dgo. A motorized D-Vac model 2846 vacuum insect collector and yellow sticky traps were used. The collected material was reviewed under a microscope in the laboratory, finding mostly homopteran insects, particularly adult whiteflies and two groups of parasitoids. The whitefly species affecting huizache was identified as Tetraleurodes acaciae (Quaintance) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). The population dynamics of this homopteran was recorded based on adults collected in 20 cm2 yellow sticky traps, with the highest incidence being recorded on July 29 with 359 adults. Percentage parasitism in nymphs was estimated by sampling date, under controlled temperature (28 °C) and relative humidity (30 %) conditions. After 72 hours, emergence was determined, identifying the parasitoids Eretmocerus sp. (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) and Signiphora sp. (Hymenoptera: Signiphoridae). The combined percentage parasitism ranged from 0-62 %, with the highest percentage being recorded on September 12. Of the total number of adult parasitoids, 199 individuals belonged to Eretmocerus sp., accounting for 67.2 % of the total, and 97 to Signiphora sp. (32.8 %). This is the first time that the whitefly T. acaciae has been recorded in huizache in Mexico. Likewise, this is the first verified report of the two identified parasitoids in huizache in Durango, and in the whitefly T. acaciae.
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