Monitoring Environmental Sustainability
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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This report presents a concise review of
the major environmental and natural resources issues at the
global and national level over the coming two decades. The
environmental issues reviewed include air pollution and
deterioration of air quality, greenhouse gas emissions and
climate change, water quality, scarcity and access, land and
soil degradation, deforestation and forest degradation,
natural disaster, loss of biodiversity and protected areas,
and governance and institutions for environmental and
natural resource management. Besides providing an
environment outlook, the report tackles the issue of
monitoring also from the supply side. It identifies the
relevant data and indicator sets available at the global
level and country level to capture the global and locally
relevant environmental issues with the underlying objective
of pinpointing at data gaps. It concludes with a set of
recommendations for moving forward on the monitoring agenda.
Overall, the threats from climate change caused by Green
House Gas (GHG) emissions, biodiversity loss, water
pollution and scarcity as well as pressure on land as well
as worsening ocean's state and biodiversity have to be
taken under close observation in the period over the next 20
years. The environment challenges that the world faces are
not trivial and some of them require immediate action.
Action, in turn, requires reliable and accurate information.
The second part of the report looks at information from the
supply side. It identifies the relevant data and indicator
sets available at the global level and country level to
capture the global and locally relevant environmental issues
with the underlying objective of informing and advising
decision making and to identify the data gaps.
Palabras clave
ACIDIFICATION, AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AIR, AIR POLLUTION, AIR QUALITY, AMAZON FOREST, ARABLE LAND, ATMOSPHERE, ATMOSPHERIC MONITORING, BASIC SOCIAL SERVICES, BIODIVERSITY, BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION, BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY, BIOMASS, BLACK CARBON, CANCER, CAPACITY BUILDING, CARBON, CARBON DIOXIDE, CARBON EMISSION, CARBON FERTILIZATION, CARBON FOOTPRINT, CARBON MONOXIDE, CARBON SINKS, CLIMATE, CLIMATE CHANGE, CO2, COAL, COMBUSTION, CULTIVATED LAND, DECISION MAKING, DEFORESTATION, DEFORESTATION ACTIVITIES, DEGRADED AREAS, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, DRINKING WATER, DRYLANDS, ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC VALUE, ECONOMIC WELFARE, ECONOMICS, ECONOMISTS, ECOSYSTEM, ECOSYSTEM HEALTH, EFFECTIVE USE, EFFLUENTS, ELECTRICITY, ELECTRICITY GENERATION, EMISSION INTENSITY, EMISSION LEVELS, EMISSION SCENARIO, EMISSIONS, EMISSIONS FROM LAND-USE CHANGE, EMISSIONS FROM SOURCES, EMISSIONS FROM TRANSPORT, EMISSIONS GROWTH, EMPIRICAL RESEARCH, ENERGY CONSUMPTION, ENERGY EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING, ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTS, ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION, ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL RISK, ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS, ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY, ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE DISPOSAL, ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTS, EQUATORIAL ZONE, EXTERNALITIES, FARMS, FERTILITY, FERTILITY RATES, FERTILIZERS, FISH, FISHERIES, FISHING, FLOODS, FOOD PRODUCTION, FOREST, FOREST AREA, FOREST AREAS, FOREST CONVERSION, FOREST DEGRADATION, FOREST DIEBACK, FOREST PLANTATIONS, FORESTRY, FORESTS, FOSSIL FUELS, FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE, FUTURE GENERATIONS, GAS FLARING, GASES, GHG, GHGS, GLACIERS, GLOBAL EMISSIONS, GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT, GLOBAL FOREST, GLOBAL FOREST RESOURCE, GLOBAL FOREST RESOURCE ASSESSMENT, GLOBAL POPULATION, GLOBAL WARMING, GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES, GREENHOUSE, GREENHOUSE GAS, GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, GROSS NATIONAL INCOME, GROUND LEVEL OZONE, GROUNDWATER POLLUTION, HAZARDOUS WASTE, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN HEALTH, HYDROGEN, INDOOR AIR POLLUTION, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, IPCC, IRREVERSIBILITY, LAKES, LAND DEGRADATION, LAND USE, LANDFILL, LANDFILLS, LOGGING, LOSS OF FOREST, METHANE, METHANE EMISSIONS, N2O, NATIONAL ACCOUNTING, NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, NATIONAL INCOME, NATIONAL LEVEL, NATURAL CAPITAL, NATURAL DISASTER, NATURAL GAS, NATURAL RESOURCE, NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, NATURAL RESOURCES, NITRATE, NITROGEN, NITROGEN CYCLE, NITROGEN OXIDE, NUMBER OF PEOPLE, NUTRIENTS, OCEANS, OIL, OLD MINES, OZONE DEPLETION, PARTICULATE, PARTICULATE MATTER, PERFLUOROCARBON, PESTICIDES, PH, PHOSPHATES, PHOSPHOROUS, PM10, POPULATION GROWTH, POPULATION GROWTH RATE, POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTION, POWER GENERATION INDUSTRY, POWER SOURCES, PRECIPITATION, PROGRESS, RAIN, RAINFALL, RECYCLING, REDUCING EMISSIONS, RENEWABLE RESOURCES, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, SET OF RECOMMENDATIONS, SOIL DEGRADATION, SOIL EROSION, SULFUR, SULFUR DIOXIDE, SURFACE TEMPERATURE, SUSPENDED PARTICLES, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE USE, TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, TEMPERATURE, TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES, THERMAL EMISSION, TIMBER, TRANSPORT SECTOR, TROPICAL DEFORESTATION, TROPICAL FORESTS, TROPICS, TROPOSPHERIC OZONE, UNEP, URBAN AIR POLLUTION, URBAN AREAS, URBAN DWELLERS, URBAN POPULATION, URBAN POPULATION GROWTH, URBANIZATION, VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, WASTE DISPOSAL, WASTE MANAGEMENT, WATER POLLUTION, WATER QUALITY, WATER RESOURCES, WIND, WMO, WOOD FUEL, WOOD PRODUCTS, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, WORLD POPULATION, WORLD POPULATION GROWTH