A Practical Guide to Economic Analysis of Youth Projects
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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Investments in youth are particularly
important in light of the unprecedented numbers of young
people now entering their reproductive and early adult
productive years. Of the more than one billion youth aged
15-24, 86 percent live in developing countries. This guide
is for those involved in appraising the economic merits of
youth projects or projects with an important youth
component. It builds on two previous publications in the HNP
Discussion Paper series, Assessing the Economic Returns to
Investing in Youth in Developing Countries (Knowles and
Behrman 2003), and The Economic Returns to Investing in
Youth in Developing Countries: A Review of the Literature
(Knowles and Behrman 2005). The guide is designed to explain
and illustrate basic economic principles relevant to ex ante
project appraisal, and their application to the task of
making choices related to youth projects. It is also
intended to familiarize those who do not specialize in youth
projects, with some of the issues particular to youth
projects, and to provide some basic understanding of the
concepts, relationships and data relevant to undertaking
economic analysis of youth projects. The guide comprises
seven sections. Following a brief introductory Section 1,
Section 2 sketches a framework for economic analysis of
youth projects, and the basic economic motives for policies
and policy options. Section 3 turns to estimating costs,
effectiveness and benefits. Section 4 considers poverty and
gender analysis. Section 5 includes seven illustrative case
studies covering a variety of youth investments in several
different countries. Section 6 presents model terms of
reference for the economic analysis of a hypothetical
continuing education project in Serbia-Montenegro,
corresponding to one of the case studies presented in
Section 5. Section 7 provides a list of references.
Palabras clave
ABORTIONS, ADOLESCENTS, ADULTHOOD, ADVERSE HEALTH, AGE AT MARRIAGE, AGED, AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT, ALCOHOL, ALCOHOL ABUSE, BENEFIT ANALYSIS, CASE STUDIES, CASE STUDY, CHILD HEALTH, CHILD LABOR, CHILDHOOD TO ADULTHOOD, COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION, CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK, COST EFFECTIVENESS, DATA COLLECTION, DATA SETS, DATA SOURCES, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT GOALS, DEVELOPMENT NETWORK, DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS, DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS, DRUG ABUSE, DRUGS, ECONOMIC ANALYSES, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, FAMILIES, FEMALES, FOOD FORTIFICATION, FRIENDLY REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES, GENDER, GIRLS, HEALTH, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH INSURANCE, HEALTH INVESTMENTS, HEALTH RISKS, HIV INFECTION, HOUSEHOLDS, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, IMPROVED HEALTH, INDIVIDUAL AUTHOR, INFANTS, INFECTIONS, INTERVENTION, LABOR FORCE, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, LABOR MARKET, LAWS, MALARIA, MALARIA TREATMENT, MASS MEDIA, MENTAL HEALTH, MINIMUM WAGE, MORTALITY, MOTHERS, NUTRITION, PARENTING, PARENTS, POLICY DEVELOPMENT, POLICY MAKERS, POLICY OPTIONS, POPULATION STUDIES, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, POVERTY ANALYSIS, POVERTY IMPACT, PREGNANCY, PREGNANCY PREVENTION, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRIMARY SCHOOLS, PRIVATE SECTOR, PUBLIC SECTOR, PUBLIC SERVICES, QUALITATIVE DATA, QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS, RELATIVE IMPORTANCE, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH EDUCATION, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH POLICY, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES, RURAL COMMUNITIES, SAFETY, SCHOOL HEALTH, SEX, SEXUAL RELATIONS, SOCIAL CAPITAL, SOCIAL COHESION, SOCIAL MARKETING, TASK TEAM LEADERS, TOBACCO, TOBACCO ADVERTISING, TOBACCO USE, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, TTL, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNPROTECTED SEX, VICTIMS, VOUCHER SCHEME, YOUNG PEOPLE, YOUTH, YOUTH CENTERS, YOUTH DEVELOPMENT, YOUTH HEALTH, YOUTH TRAINING