Regional Programme in Livestock and Pastoralism for Climate Change Adaptation in Eastern/Horn of Africa
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Livestock is considered a key livelihood source in the Horn of Africa region. According to theIntergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), it ‘constitutes a major economic, social andcultural facet of life for over 250 million people 3in the region. Pastoralists constitute a large part oflivestock keepers. They undertake livestock keeping not only as a commercial enterprise but also as asocial investment that cannot solely be assessed economically or financially. Pastoralists haveprovided, over centuries, ecosystem services that are difficult to convert into commercial values, withthese intangible values comprising of many interrelated cultural and environmental benefits.However, the practice of pastoralism is also seen to be at a critical juncture. Concurrently, it isestimated that at least 10 million livestock have died as a direct consequence of the severe pastdrought in 2022. At the same time, societal shifts in the region mean that fewer young people areinterested in what is traditionally considered as the pastoral lifestyle.