The Changing Wealth of Nations :
            Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium

World Bank

The Changing Wealth of Nations : Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium

Autores

World Bank

Editor

World Bank

Descripción

This book is about development and measuring development progress. While precise definitions may vary, development is, at heart, a process of building wealth, the produced, natural, human, and institutional capital which is the source of income and wellbeing. A key finding is that it is intangible wealth, human and institutional capital, which dominates the wealth of all countries, rising as a share of the total as countries climb the development ladder. The book is divided into two parts. The first part provides the big picture of changes in wealth by income group and geographic region, with a focus on natural capital because it is especially important for low-income developing countries. The second part presents case studies that illustrate particular aspects of wealth accounting, including accounting for climate change, the role of intangible capital in growth and development, measuring human capital, and the use of wealth accounting to improve transparency and governance in resource-rich economies. The final chapter reports on the implementation of wealth accounting by countries. The appendixes provide the full wealth accounts for individual countries and for aggregations by income group and geographic region.

Palabras clave

ACCOUNTABILITY, ACCOUNTING SYSTEM, AGRICULTURAL LAND, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURE, AIR POLLUTION, ANNUAL BASIS, ASSET LIQUIDATION, ASSET VALUE, ASSET VALUES, ASSETS, CAPITAL GAINS, CARBON, CARBON DIOXIDE, CLIMATE CHANGE, COMMERCIAL FISHING, COMPLEMENTARY INVESTMENTS, CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE, DAMAGES, DEFORESTATION, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES, DISCOUNTED VALUE, DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH, DRINKING WATER, ECONOMIC CHANGE, ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC JUSTIFICATION, ECONOMIC PROGRESS, ECONOMIC RESEARCH, ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY, ECONOMIC VALUE, ECONOMISTS, ELASTICITIES, EMISSIONS, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING, ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS, EXCHANGE RATES, EXTERNALITIES, FAY, FISH, FISHERIES, FISHING, FIXED CAPITAL, GDP, GREENHOUSE GASES, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, GROSS NATIONAL SAVINGS, GROWTH RATE, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN WELL-BEING, INCOME, INCOME GROUPS, INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY, INTERNATIONAL LAW, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, INVENTORY, LAND USE, LAND VALUE, LAWS, LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS, MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT, MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, MARKET PRICE, MARKET PRICES, METALS, MIGRATION, MINISTRIES OF FINANCE, MONETARY FUND, NATIONAL ACCOUNTING, NATIONAL INCOME, NATURAL CAPITAL, NATURAL RESOURCES, NET FOREIGN ASSETS, NET LOSSES, NPV, OIL, OPPORTUNITY COST, OZONE LAYER, POLICY INSTRUMENTS, POLICY MAKERS, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POPULATION GROWTH, PORTFOLIO, PRESENT VALUE, PRICE CHANGES, PRODUCERS, PRODUCTIVE ASSETS, PRODUCTIVE USE, PROPERTY RIGHTS, PROVEN RESERVES, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, PUBLIC GOODS, PURCHASING POWER, RATES OF RETURN, REAL PRICES, RENTS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, SAVINGS, SAVINGS RATES, SOCIAL COSTS, SOCIAL WELFARE, SUBSIDIARY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TAXATION, TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, TIMBER, TIMBER PRICES, TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY, TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, TRANSITION ECONOMIES, TRANSPARENCY, URBANIZATION, VALUATION, WEALTH, WEALTH CREATION, WETLANDS, WILLINGNESS TO PAY, WTP