Guidelines for coordinated human and animal brucellosis surveillance
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Brucellosis remains a major source of disease in domesticated animals, wildlife and humans. Although reported incidence and prevalence of the disease vary widely from country to country, bovine brucellosis caused mainly by Brucella. abortus is still the most widespread form. In sheep, goats and humans, brucellosis caused by Brucella melitensis is by far the most important clinically apparent disease. Brucellosis is still a major disease problem in the Mediterranean region, western Asia, parts of Africa and Latin America. The zoonotic significance of Brucellosis requires concerted efforts at control through intersectoral collaboration between the Ministiries of Agriculture and Health. Such collaboration will depend to a large extent on the availabilty of science based information collected through efficient surveillance systems for the purpose of designing practical and feasible control strategies to reduce prevalence of the disease and where feasible, eradicate it. These guidelines ha ve been prepared with that aim. They have been developed by reviewing programmes in countries that have successfully controlled and eradicated Brucellosis as well as those countries in which the disease is still endemic. In using these giudelines for human and animal brucellosis surveillance it must be emphasised, that what has been successful in one country may not necessarily be successful in another based on factors such as level of control of animal movement and socio-cultural practices and habits. It is therefore suggested that these guidlines be modified to suit prevailing local conditions and animal management systems.