The Gender Implications of Public Sector Downsizing : The Reform Program of Vietnam
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
World Bank
Resumen
Descripción
Using data from Vietnam, this article
describes several types of analysis that can be conducted
before launching a major downsizing operation to identify
possible gender effects. It draws several conclusions about
Vietnam s downsizing reforms. First, although women s
prospects of obtaining salaried jobs following displacement
from state-owned enterprise worsened as a result of recent
reforms, they are likely to improve in the near future.
Second, reforms are associated with a sharp decline in the
gender gap in earnings, both in and outside the state
sector. Third, overstaffing is greatest in sectors in which
most employees are men, such as construction, mining, and
transportation; it is much less prevalent in sectors in
which women dominate the work force, such as footwear,
textiles, and garments. Fourth, training, and assistance
programs to help redundant workers reveal no evidence of
strong gender bias. Fifth, severance packages based on a
multiple of earnings are more favorable to men, whereas lump
sum packages favor women.
Palabras clave
ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES, ATTRITION, BOTH SEXES, CHILD CARE, COMPENSATION, COMPENSATION PACKAGE, COMPENSATION PACKAGES, CULTURAL CHANGE, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES, DISPLACED WORKERS, DISPLACEMENT, DIVISION OF LABOR, DOWNSIZING PROGRAM, EARLY RETIREMENT, EARNINGS LOSS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS, ECONOMIC INSECURITY, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, EMPLOYMENT, EMPLOYMENT HISTORY, EMPLOYMENT LEVEL, EMPLOYMENT LEVELS, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN, EMPLOYMENT PATTERN, EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS, EQUALITY, FAMILIES, FEMALE, FEMALE EMPLOYMENT, FEMALE LABOR, FEMALE LABOR FORCE, FEMALE WAGE EMPLOYMENT, FEMALE WORKER, FEMALE WORKERS, GENDER, GENDER BIAS, GENDER BIASES, GENDER BREAKDOWN, GENDER DISCRIMINATION, GENDER DIVISION OF LABOR, GENDER GAP, GENDER IMPACT, GENDER IMPLICATIONS, GENDER ISSUES, GENDER PERSPECTIVE, GENDER RELATIONS, GENDER STEREOTYPES, GENDERS, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, HUMAN RESOURCES, INFORMAL SECTOR, INSURANCE, INTENSIVE INDUSTRIES, INTERNATIONAL MARKETS, JOB DISPLACEMENT, JOB LOSS, JOB LOSSES, JOB OPPORTUNITIES, JOB SEPARATION, JOBS, LABOR CODE, LABOR CONTRACTS, LABOR DEMAND, LABOR FORCE, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, LABOR MARKET, LABOR REDUNDANCIES, LABOR REDUNDANCY, LABOR-INTENSIVE GROWTH, LABOUR, LABOUR OFFICE, LEVELS OF EDUCATION, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LIVING STANDARDS, MALE WORKER, MALE WORKERS, MARKET ECONOMY, MASS LAYOFFS, MATERNITY LEAVE, NATIONAL LEVEL, NUMBER OF WOMEN, NUMBER OF WORKERS, OCCUPATION, OCCUPATIONS, OLD-AGE, PENSION, PENSIONS, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH REPORT ON GENDER, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, PRESENT VALUE, PREVIOUS JOB, PRIVATE FIRMS, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRODUCTION UNITS, PRODUCTIVITY, PROPORTION OF WOMEN, PUBLIC SECTOR DOWNSIZING, PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT, PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS, RESIDENCE, RESPECT, RETIREMENT PROGRAM, RETIREMENT PROGRAMS, SALARIED EMPLOYMENT, SALARIED WORKERS, SELF-RELIANCE, SEVERANCE PAYMENTS, SEXES, SOCIAL AFFAIRS, SOCIAL IMPACT, SOCIAL INSURANCE, SOCIAL POLICY, SOCIAL STATUS, SOCIAL STATUS OF WOMEN, SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE, STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES, STATUS OF WOMEN, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, TRAINING CENTERS, TRAINING MATERIAL, TRAINING PROGRAMS, TRAINING VOUCHER, TRANSPORTATION, UNDP, UNEMPLOYED, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, UNIFEM, UNSKILLED LABOR, VOCATIONAL TRAINING, VOCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMS, WAGE EMPLOYMENT, WAGE GAP, WAGES, WILL, WORK EXPERIENCE, WORK FORCE, WORKER, WORKERS, WORKING HOURS, WORKING-AGE POPULATION