Occurence of telfairia mosaic virus (TEMV) in flutted pumpkin in Nigeria
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Fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis) fields, experimental plots and private gardens in 12 major pumpkin producing states in southern Nigeria were surveyed between 1987 and 1989 for relative incidences, distribution and prevalence of three viruses, namely, Telfairia mosaic potyvirus (TeMV), pepper veinal mottle potyvirus (PVMV) and Y-strain of cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV). Using electron microscopy, host-plant reactions and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) either alone or in combination, a total of 584 leaf samples from 85 sites was tested for the presence of the three viruses reported to infect the crop. Out of a total of 584 samples tested serologically, 498 (representing 85%) reacted positively to TeMV. However, no positive reaction was obtained when samples were tested against antisera to CMV or PVMV. TeMV infection was widely distributed in the area surveyed and its incidence varied considerably reaching 100% in some areas. Neither PVMV nor CMV infected fluted pumpkin in greenhouse tests but the two viruses were detected in their respective plant-hosts, pepper and cowpeas, growing with fluted pumpkin in the same or adjacent locations. No evidence of mixed infections with the three viruses was obtained from studies by host range, electron microscopy, or serological assay. The high incidences and wide distribution of TeMV recorded in this survey indicates that the virus may be of economic importance in the production of this vegetable in Nigeria.
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cucumber mosaic cucumovirus, electron microscopy, greenhouse, potyvirus, telfairia