Colombia - Peace Programmatic I : Demobilization and Reinsertion of Ex-Combatants in Colombia
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Washington, DC
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This report presents the results of the
study on the demobilization and reinsertion of excombatants
from illegal armed groups in Colombia. The report describes
and analyzes the Colombian case, compares it with
international experience, discusses critical issues of the
current program, and presents options to improve its design
and implementation. The study responds to a request by the
Colombian government to conduct an assessment of the
previous and current approaches to demobilization and
reinsertion in Colombia and, in light of national and
international experience, to present options to improve the
program. This study relied principally on secondary data and
information from existing studies, essays, and press
articles produced by government agencies, nongovernmental
organizations, United Nations and bilateral agencies,
specialized analysts, and media. The analysis also used
primary information collected for the study, including: (1)
information from interviews with government and
non-government sources about the current condition of
individuals demobilized during the 1990s; (2) the profiles
of a sample of young excombatants (18-26 years old) enrolled
in the current reinsertion program in Medellin and Bogota;
(3) the assessment of the demobilization and reinsertion
experience of the 1990s as viewed by leaders of existing
foundations from four of the demobilized groups; and (4) a
special work session held with 50 representatives from
diverse private-sector associations and businesses. This
study assesses Colombia's experience using a framework
of five interwoven phases from armed conflict to peace:
prevention, demobilization, reinsertion, reintegration, and
reconciliation. This framework together with accumulated
national and international best practices in technical
aspects of the operations of disarmament, demobilization,
and reinsertion (DDR) programs are used in the analysis of
the current Program of Demobilization and Reinsertion (PDR).
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE, ACCOUNTABILITY, ADOLESCENTS, ARMED CONFLICT, ARMED CONFLICTS, ARMED FORCES, ARMS, ARMY, ASSETS, BEST PRACTICES, BILATERAL AGENCIES, CITIZENS, CITIZENSHIP, CIVIL SOCIETY, CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS, CIVILIAN POPULATION, COERCION, CONFIDENCE, CONFLICT RESOLUTION, CONFLICTS, CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM, COUNTERINSURGENCY, COUNTERPART, CRIME, CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY, CRIMINAL, CRIMINAL ACTIONS, DEATHS, DEFENSE, DEMOBILIZATION, DEMOBILIZATIONS, DEMOCRACY, DEMOCRATIC PROCESSES, DESERTIONS, DETERRENCE, DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES, DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS, DISARMAMENT, DRUG, DRUG TRAFFICKING, DRUGS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ELDERLY, ELECTIONS, ETHNIC GROUPS, EX-COMBATANTS, EXCOMBATANTS, FACILITATION, FAMILY WELFARE, FEASIBILITY STUDIES, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, FORMAL EDUCATION, FOUNDATIONS, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, GUERRILLA, GUERRILLAS, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH CARE SERVICES, HEALTH SERVICES, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN RIGHTS, INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS, INFORMATION SYSTEM, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INITIATIVE, INSTITUTIONAL STABILITY, INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY, INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE, INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES, INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS, INTERNATIONAL LAW, INTERNATIONAL MARKET, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION, INVESTIGATIONS, JUSTICE, LAWS, LEADERSHIP, LEGAL FRAMEWORK, LEGAL FRAMEWORKS, LEGAL STATUS, LOCAL AUTHORITIES, LOCAL DEVELOPMENT, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, MANDATES, MEDIA, MILITARY EQUIPMENT, MILITIA, MINORITY, MODALITIES, NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN, NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, NATIONAL LEVEL, NATIONAL SECURITY, NATIONS, NEGOTIATION, NEGOTIATIONS, NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS, ORPHANS, PARAMILITARY GROUPS, PARTICIPATION IN DECISION, PEACE, PEACE ACCORDS, PEACE AGREEMENTS, PEACE BUILDING, PEACE INITIATIVES, PEACE NEGOTIATIONS, PEACE PROCESS, PEACE PROCESSES, POLICE, POLICY FRAMEWORK, POLITICAL CRIME, POLITICAL CRIMES, POLITICAL PARTICIPATION, POLITICAL PARTY, POOR PEOPLE, POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTION, POVERTY REDUCTION, PROGRESS, PROJECT DESIGN, PROJECT FINANCING, PUBLIC AFFAIRS, PUBLIC FUNDS, PUBLIC LAW, PUBLIC SUPPORT, RECONCILIATION, REFERRAL SERVICES, REGIONAL AGREEMENTS, REHABILITATION, REINTEGRATION PROCESS, RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS, RESPECT, RESTITUTION, RURAL AREAS, SAFETY NET, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SECONDARY SCHOOLING, SECURITY POLICY, SERVICE PROVISION, SKILLS DEVELOPMENT, SMALL ENTERPRISES, SOCIAL ACTION, SOCIAL CONFLICTS, SOCIAL CONTROL, SOCIAL REINTEGRATION, SOCIAL SECTORS, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL SERVICES, SOCIAL SOLIDARITY, SOCIAL SUPPORT, STATE POLICIES, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TOLERANCE, TRANSPARENCY, TRANSPORTATION, TRIAL, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNIVERSITY EDUCATION, URBAN COMMUNITY, URBANIZATION, VICTIMS, VIOLENCE, VIOLENT CONFLICT, VOCATIONAL TRAINING, WAR, WAR CRIMES, WARS, WEAPONS