Productivity Effects of Sustainable Intensification: The Case of Urea Deep Placement for Rice Production in Niger State, Nigeria
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This paper uses household data to explore the yield effects of an intensification practice called urea
deep placement (UDP) in Nigeria. The propensity score matching and instrumental variables
methods provide consistent evidence of a positive and significant effect of UDP on rice yields. The
Rosenbaum sensitivity analysis reveals that these results are not likely driven by unobservable
factors. The paper also finds that farmers’ yields are further enhanced by adhering to several
prescribed practices, confirming the potential for UDP to significantly improve rice yields.