Agricultural Extension Services in Indonesia : New Approaches and Emerging Issues
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Washington, DC
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Indonesian agriculture is at a
crossroads. Supporting the livelihood of millions of
Indonesians, it needs to underpin renewed and robust growth
of the economy; and be a key component of the
Government's poverty alleviation strategy. The
challenge for the future is to reinvigorate productivity
gains among rural producers, and provide the foundation for
long run sustainability of these productivity gains.
Productivity gains are key to farmer income growth, and for
this rebuilding the research and extension systems that have
seen a marked deterioration in recent years will be
critical. The experience of the Indonesian decentralization
of its extension system has been mixed, with adverse impact
on extension through sharp reductions in funding, and
removal of central-level guidance. At the same time, a
series of positive debates and experimentation in management
have taken place from a shift on top-down to participatory
approaches, input and technology dissemination to
dissemination of market and upstream information and
technology, from centrally managed extension services to
decentralized services, and some movement toward
privatization of extension. In this context, an assessment
of the agricultural extension services, as seen through the
lens of the impact evaluation of the Decentralized
Agricultural and Forestry Extension Project (DAFEP), was
deemed to be timely and relevant. This report thus has the
following objectives: i) provide an overview of the
institutional changes in agricultural extension in
Indonesia; ii) present the results of the impact evaluation
of DAFEP; and iii) discuss lessons learned and emerging
issues in the new political and institutional context.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO INFORMATION, ADB, AGRIBUSINESS, AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES, AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL, AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION, AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION, AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES, AGRICULTURAL GROWTH, AGRICULTURAL HIGH SCHOOLS, AGRICULTURAL INCOMES, AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION, AGRICULTURAL INPUTS, AGRICULTURAL LABOUR, AGRICULTURAL LAND, AGRICULTURAL MODERNIZATION, AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT, AGRICULTURAL PRICES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH MANAGEMENT, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICES, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURAL SERVICES, AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES, AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY, AGRICULTURAL TRAINING, AGRICULTURAL TRAINING PROJECT, AGRICULTURAL WORKERS, AGRICULTURE, ANIMAL PRODUCTION, ANIMALS, ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK, CANE SUGAR, CAPACITY BUILDING, CASSAVA, CATTLE, CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, COCONUT, COCONUTS, COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE, COMMODITY, COMMODITY PRICES, COMMUNITY WELFARE, CONSUMER DEMAND, CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA, COOPERATIVES, CROP, CROP DEVELOPMENT, CROP INCOME, CROPPING, CROPPING PATTERNS, CROPS, CULTIVATED LANDS, DECENTRALIZATION, DEMAND FOR FOOD, DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS, DIVERSIFICATION, EQUIPMENT, EXTENSION AGENTS, EXTENSION PROGRAMS, EXTERNALITIES, FAMILY MEMBERS, FARM, FARM ACTIVITIES, FARM ACTIVITY, FARM HOUSEHOLDS, FARM INCOME, FARM INCOMES, FARMER, FARMER GROUPS, FARMER INCOME GROWTH, FARMER ORGANIZATIONS, FARMERS, FARMING, FARMING SYSTEMS, FERTILIZER, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, FISH, FISH PRODUCTION, FISH PRODUCTS, FISHERIES, FOOD COMMODITIES, FOOD CROPS, FOOD NEEDS, FOOD PRICES, FOOD PROCESSING, FOOD PRODUCTS, FOODCROPS, FOREST PRODUCTS, FORESTRY, FORESTRY PRODUCTS, FORESTRY SECTOR, FRUITS, GREEN REVOLUTION, HARVEST, HORTICULTURAL CROPS, HOUSEHOLD INCOMES, HOUSEHOLD WELFARE, HOUSING, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, IDENTITY, IMPACT ASSESSMENT, INCOME GROWTH, INCOMES, INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT, INTENSIVE AGRICULTURE, IRRIGATION, LACK OF INFORMATION, LAND PRODUCTIVITY, LAND QUALITY, LAND RESOURCES, LIVELIHOODS, LIVESTOCK, LIVESTOCK ACTIVITIES, MAIZE, MAIZE YIELDS, MARKETING, MEAT, MOA, MONOCULTURE, NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, NATURAL RESOURCES, NET INCOME, NEW TECHNOLOGIES, NGOS, PADDY, PARTICIPATORY APPROACHES, PERENNIAL CROPS, PLANTATIONS, PLANTING, POOR FARMERS, POOR INCOMES, POPULATION GROWTH, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, POVERTY ALLEVIATION STRATEGY, POVERTY PROGRAMS, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRODUCER ORGANIZATIONS, PRODUCTION SYSTEMS, PUBLIC SERVICES, QUALITATIVE INDICATORS, REGIONAL AUTONOMY, REGIONAL DIVERSITY, REGIONAL VARIATIONS, RICE, RICE AREAS, RICE YIELDS, RURAL AREAS, RURAL COMMUNITIES, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL HOUSEHOLD, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL INCOMES, RURAL PRODUCER, RURAL PRODUCERS, SEED, SEED COMPANIES, SEEDS, SMALL FARMERS, SMALL-SCALE PRODUCERS, SOYBEAN, SOYBEAN YIELDS, SOYBEANS, STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, UNIVERSITIES, VEGETABLES, VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT, VILLAGE LEVEL, WATER RESOURCES, WELFARE DISTRIBUTION, WELFARE INDICATOR, WELFARE LEVEL