Romania : Agriculture and Rural Development Rapid Assessment
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Washington, DC
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Climate change is a huge challenge for
the agriculture and rural development (ARD) sector in
Romania. On the one hand, agriculture is a source of
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and must therefore be
expected to contribute towards the climate change mitigation
goals of the Europe 2020 strategy. European farmers,
foresters, rural businesses, and other local people
therefore need to start paying much greater attention to
climate change and the growing uncertainty that it will
bring to their day-to-day lives and longer term strategies
for production, management, investment, and community
development. This report is one of six rapid sectoral
analyses undertaken within the framework of component B of
the World Bank's Romania climate change Reimbursable
Advisory Service (RAS) Program. The title of component B is
"identify and integrate climate actions into the
2014-2020 sector operational programs". The specific
objective of this report is to contribute to the successful
mainstreaming of climate action into Romania's
post-2013 rural development policy - namely the European
Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) co-financed
National Rural Development Program (NRDP) for Romania
2014-2020. This report builds upon a number of working
documents produced by the European commission on the theme
of mainstreaming climate change in 2014-2020 rural
development policy. The report contains 6 main sections: an
introduction to the characteristics of the ARD sector in
Romania.; an overview of the vulnerabilities and risks from
climate change in the ARD sector in Romania, beginning with
an introduction to the changes in baseline climate that are
currently observed and predicted; a brief review of existing
national strategies, policies, and initiatives of relevance
to the ARD sector in Romania, including a description of the
EAFRD measures related to climate action that were included
in the NRDP for Romania 2007-2013;the identification and
description of priorities for climate change mitigation and
adaptation in the ARD sector in Romania; an introduction to
the opportunities for mainstreaming climate actions in the
forthcoming NRDP for Romania for 2014-2020, including a
basic intervention logic (the foundation of all strategic
programming for the EAFRD) and some examples of specific
climate actions that can be supported by the EAFRD; a
closing section highlighting the uncertainties regarding the
findings of this rapid sectoral analysis and the need for
further work.
Palabras clave
ABSORPTION, ACCESS TO INFORMATION, AFFORESTATION, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY, AGRICULTURAL LAND, AGRICULTURAL LANDS, AGRICULTURAL POLICY, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, AGRICULTURE, AIR, AIR TEMPERATURE, ALLOCATION, ALTITUDE, ANNUAL PRECIPITATION, ANTICYCLONES, AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS, AQUIFERS, ARABLE LAND, BASINS, BIODIVERSITY, BIOGAS, BIOMASS, BUFFER STRIPS, CARBON, CARBON DIOXIDE, CARBON ECONOMY, CARBON LOSS, CARBON LOSSES, CARBON SEQUESTRATION, CARBON TECHNOLOGIES, CH4, CHEMISTRY, CLEAN AIR, CLIMATE, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS, CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION, CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS, CLIMATE RESILIENCE, CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, CLIMATIC ZONES, CO, CO2, COAST, COMMERCIAL FARMS, COMPLEX TASK, CONSERVATION, CONSTRUCTION, COST-EFFECTIVENESS, CROP DIVERSIFICATION, CROP PRODUCTION, CROPPING SYSTEMS, CROPS, CULTIVATED LAND, DAMAGES, DENITRIFICATION, DESERTIFICATION, DISCHARGE, DISPOSABLE INCOME, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, DRINKING WATER, DROUGHT, ECONOMIC COSTS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION, ECONOMIC FACTORS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC MODEL, ECONOMIC RECOVERY, ECONOMIC SECTORS, ECONOMIC SITUATION, ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY, ECONOMICS, ECOSYSTEM, ECOSYSTEMS, ELECTRICITY, EMISSIONS, EMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTURE, ENERGY CONSUMPTION, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, ENERGY PRODUCTION, ENERGY USE, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS, ENVIRONMENTS, EROSION, EUTROPHICATION, EVAPORATION, EXPLOITATION, EXTREME DROUGHT, EXTREME EVENTS, EXTREME HEAT, EXTREME HEAT WAVES, EXTREME RAINFALL, EXTREME RAINFALL EVENTS, EXTREME WEATHER, EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS, FARM HOUSEHOLDS, FARM INCOMES, FARM MANAGEMENT, FARM SECTOR, FARM SIZE, FARM WATER, FARMS, FEASIBILITY, FERTILISER, FERTILISERS, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, FLOODING, FLOODPLAINS, FLOODS, FOOD PRODUCTION, FOOD SUPPLY, FOREST, FOREST FIRES, FOREST RESEARCH, FORESTRY, FORESTRY SECTOR, FORESTS, FRUITS, GCM, GHG, GHGS, GLOBAL WARMING, GRASSLANDS, GREENHOUSE, GREENHOUSE GAS, GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY, GROUNDWATER, GROWING SEASON, HAIL, HUMAN HEALTH, HUMIDITY, HYDROLOGY, IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, INSURANCE, INSURANCE SCHEMES, IPCC, IRRIGATION, LABOR FORCE, LAKES, LAND COVER, LAND DEGRADATION, LAND MANAGEMENT, LAND OWNERSHIP, LAND USE, LAND USES, LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, LIVING CONDITIONS, MANAGED FORESTS, MEADOWS, METEOROLOGY, METHANE, MITIGATION, MOUNTAINS, N2O, NATIONAL ACCOUNTS, NATURAL RESOURCES, NEGATIVE IMPACTS, NITRATE, NITRATES, NITROGEN, NITROUS OXIDE, NOX, PASTURES, PEAK FLOWS, PLAINS, PLANT COMMUNITIES, PLANT SPECIES, PLANTATIONS, POLICY DECISIONS, POLLUTION, POOR, POWER GENERATION, PRECIPITATION, PRICE VOLATILITY, PRIVATE PROPERTY, PRODUCERS, PUBLIC GOODS, QUALITY OF WATER, RADIATION, RAIN, RAINFALL, RAINFALL EVENTS, RANGES, RECYCLING, REDUCING EMISSIONS, RENEWABLE ENERGY, RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES, RESERVOIRS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, RISK MANAGEMENT, RISKS FROM CLIMATE CHANGE, RIVER, RIVER BASINS, RUNOFF, RURAL, RURAL ACTORS, RURAL AREA, RURAL AREAS, RURAL BUSINESSES, RURAL COMMUNITIES, RURAL COMMUNITY, RURAL CONSUMERS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL ECONOMY, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL INCOMES, RURAL INHABITANTS, RURAL PEOPLE, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL ROADS, SMALL FARMS, SOIL CARBON, SOIL DEGRADATION, SOIL EROSION, SOILS, SPECIES, STORMS, STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT, SUBSISTENCE FARMERS, SURFACE FLOW, SURFACE RUNOFF, SURFACE WATER, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TARGETING, TEMPERATURE, TOTAL COST, TOTAL EMISSIONS, UNCERTAINTIES, VEGETATION, WATER AVAILABILITY, WATER POLLUTION, WATER QUALITY, WAVES, WEATHER CONDITIONS, WETLANDS, WILDLIFE, WILDLIFE HABITATS, WILLINGNESS TO PAY, WIND, WIND EROSION, WIND POWER, WINDS