Closing the Coverage Gap : The Role of Social Pensions and Other Retirement Income Transfers

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dc.creatorTakayama, Noriyuki
dc.creatorHolzmann, Robert
dc.creatorRobalino, David A.
dc.date2012-03-19T10:03:59Z
dc.date2012-03-19T10:03:59Z
dc.date2009
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:01:19Z
dc.descriptionThe book has four specific objectives: (a) to discuss the role of retirement income transfers in the context of a strategy for expanding old- age income security and preventing poverty among the elderly; (b) to take stock of international experience with the design and implementation of these programs; (c) to identify key policy issues that need to receive attention during the design and implementation phases; and (d) to offer some preliminary policy recommendations and propose next steps. The chapter one discusses the rationale for retirement income transfers. The main justifications are the limited coverage of the mandatory pension systems (chapter two) and the risk of poverty during old age (chapter three). Chapter four then examines the rights, based approach to expansion of social security coverage based on the conventions and recommendations of the International Labor Organization (ILO). The middle part of the book deals with international experience. Chapters five, six, and seven reviews selected programs in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries, respectively, and chapters eight and nine discuss in greater depth the cases of Japan and the Republic of Korea. The five concluding chapters are concerned with policy issues as related to design. Chapter ten presents a typology of retirement income transfers and analyzes the potential economic impacts of the programs. Chapter eleven deals with financing mechanisms and the problem of allocative efficiency, given limited resources. Chapter twelve addresses two key issues related to institutional arrangements and targeting systems: Should countries consider separate programs to target the elderly poor instead of using the general social assistance system to target all poor? And, how can current proxy means-test systems be adapted to target the elderly poor? Chapter thirteen explores in more detail the links between social pensions and matching contributions in the context of a general strategy for expanding coverage. Finally, chapter fourteen provides guidelines for the design of the administrative systems needed to operationalize the various programs. The remainder of this overview summarizes the main messages from the subsequent chapters and outlines an agenda for future research and policy analysis. For clarity, it starts by presenting some definitions pertinent to the retirement income transfers discussed in the book.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333038_20090730232543
dc.identifier978-0-8213-7971-4
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/2651
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/978-0-8213-7971-4
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/414318
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectADMINISTRATIVE CHARGES
dc.subjectADMINISTRATIVE COSTS
dc.subjectADMINISTRATIVE DATA
dc.subjectADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT
dc.subjectASSET HOLDINGS
dc.subjectAVERAGE BENEFIT
dc.subjectAVERAGE EARNINGS
dc.subjectBABIES
dc.subjectBASIC PENSION
dc.subjectBASIC PENSIONS
dc.subjectBENEFICIARIES
dc.subjectBENEFIT FORMULAS
dc.subjectBEST PRACTICES
dc.subjectBUDGETING
dc.subjectCALCULATIONS
dc.subjectCASH TRANSFER
dc.subjectCASH TRANSFERS
dc.subjectCHILD CARE
dc.subjectCHRONIC POVERTY
dc.subjectCITIZEN
dc.subjectCITIZENS
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectCOMMODITY
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS
dc.subjectCONTINGENCIES
dc.subjectCONTRIBUTION
dc.subjectCONTRIBUTION RATES
dc.subjectCONTRIBUTIONS
dc.subjectCOST ESTIMATES
dc.subjectCREDITS
dc.subjectCURRENT PROGRAMS
dc.subjectDEFINED CONTRIBUTIONS
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT BANK
dc.subjectDISABILITY
dc.subjectDISCOUNT RATES
dc.subjectDISSEMINATION
dc.subjectEARLY RETIREMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC ANALYSIS
dc.subjectECONOMIC COSTS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC POLICIES
dc.subjectELDERLY
dc.subjectELDERLY PERSONS
dc.subjectELDERLY POPULATION
dc.subjectFAMILY ALLOWANCES
dc.subjectFAMILY POLICIES
dc.subjectFAMILY STRUCTURES
dc.subjectFAMILY SUPPORT
dc.subjectFERTILITY RATES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL ASPECTS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL PLANNER
dc.subjectFINANCIAL POLICY
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SUPPORT
dc.subjectFIXED COST
dc.subjectGENERAL POPULATION
dc.subjectGLOBAL POPULATION
dc.subjectGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
dc.subjectHEALTH ECONOMICS
dc.subjectHEALTH INSURANCE
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectHUMAN RIGHT
dc.subjectHUMAN RIGHTS
dc.subjectIMPACTS OF POPULATION
dc.subjectIMPORTANT POLICY
dc.subjectINCOME GROUP
dc.subjectINCOME LEVEL
dc.subjectINCOME LEVELS
dc.subjectINCOME SECURITY
dc.subjectINDIGENOUS PEOPLE
dc.subjectINFORMATION SYSTEMS
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY
dc.subjectINTEREST RATE
dc.subjectINVESTMENT DECISION
dc.subjectINVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION
dc.subjectKNOWLEDGE GAP
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET TRANSITIONS
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOR SUPPLY
dc.subjectLEGAL STATUS
dc.subjectLIFE EXPECTANCY
dc.subjectLIMITED RESOURCES
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectLONG-TERM SAVING
dc.subjectLONG-TERM SAVINGS
dc.subjectLOW FERTILITY
dc.subjectLOW INCOME
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME INDIVIDUALS
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME WORKERS
dc.subjectMANDATES
dc.subjectMANDATORY CONTRIBUTION
dc.subjectMARGINAL TAX RATES
dc.subjectMARKET ECONOMIES
dc.subjectMATERNITY LEAVE
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectMINIMUM PENSION
dc.subjectMINIMUM PENSIONS
dc.subjectMINIMUM WAGE
dc.subjectMINISTRY OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectMINORITY
dc.subjectNATIONAL COMMITTEE
dc.subjectNATIONAL PENSION
dc.subjectNATIONAL PLAN
dc.subjectNATIONAL POPULATION
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectNORMAL RETIREMENT AGE
dc.subjectNUTRITION
dc.subjectOLD AGE
dc.subjectOLD-AGE
dc.subjectOLD-AGE PENSION
dc.subjectOLDER MEN
dc.subjectOLDER PEOPLE
dc.subjectOLDER WOMEN
dc.subjectORPHANS
dc.subjectPENSION
dc.subjectPENSION ACCOUNT
dc.subjectPENSION AGE
dc.subjectPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
dc.subjectPENSION BENEFITS
dc.subjectPENSION COVERAGE
dc.subjectPENSION INCOME
dc.subjectPENSION ISSUES
dc.subjectPENSION PLAN
dc.subjectPENSION PROGRAMS
dc.subjectPENSION PROVISIONS
dc.subjectPENSION REFORM
dc.subjectPENSION REFORM PRIMER
dc.subjectPENSION REFORMS
dc.subjectPENSION REGULATION
dc.subjectPENSION RIGHTS
dc.subjectPENSION SCHEME
dc.subjectPENSION SCHEMES
dc.subjectPENSION SYSTEM
dc.subjectPENSION SYSTEMS
dc.subjectPENSION TRANSFERS
dc.subjectPENSION WEALTH
dc.subjectPENSIONS
dc.subjectPERIODS OF UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectPOLICY ANALYSIS
dc.subjectPOLICY DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectPOLICY FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectPOLICY GUIDANCE
dc.subjectPOLICY MAKERS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOOR FAMILIES
dc.subjectPOOR INDIVIDUALS
dc.subjectPOPULATION AGEING
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROUPS
dc.subjectPOVERTY LEVELS
dc.subjectPOVERTY RATE
dc.subjectPOVERTY RATES
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPRACTITIONERS
dc.subjectPRIVATE INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectPRIVATE PENSION
dc.subjectPRIVATE PENSION PROVIDERS
dc.subjectPROBABILITIES
dc.subjectPROBABILITY
dc.subjectPUBLIC ECONOMICS
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectPUBLIC PENSION
dc.subjectPUBLIC PENSION SCHEMES
dc.subjectPUBLIC PENSIONS
dc.subjectPUBLIC POLICY
dc.subjectQUALITY OF SERVICES
dc.subjectRATES OF RETURN
dc.subjectREPLACEMENT RATES
dc.subjectRETIRED
dc.subjectRETIREMENT
dc.subjectRETIREMENT AGE
dc.subjectRETIREMENT AGES
dc.subjectRETIREMENT INCOME
dc.subjectRETIREMENT INCOMES
dc.subjectRETIREMENT-INCOME
dc.subjectRISK AVERSION
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectSAFETY NET
dc.subjectSAFETY NETS
dc.subjectSALARY
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSAVINGS INSTRUMENTS
dc.subjectSELF-EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectSENIOR
dc.subjectSKILLED WORKERS
dc.subjectSMALL ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectSOCIAL AFFAIRS
dc.subjectSOCIAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectSOCIAL EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectSOCIAL INSURANCE
dc.subjectSOCIAL INSURANCE PROGRAMS
dc.subjectSOCIAL PENSION
dc.subjectSOCIAL PENSIONS
dc.subjectSOCIAL POLICY
dc.subjectSOCIAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectSOCIAL RETURNS
dc.subjectSOCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectSOCIAL SECURITY
dc.subjectSOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATIONS
dc.subjectSOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONS
dc.subjectSOCIAL WELFARE
dc.subjectSOUND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectSOURCES OF INCOME
dc.subjectTAKE-UP RATE
dc.subjectTAX RATE
dc.subjectTRADE UNION
dc.subjectTRADITIONAL FAMILY
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBANIZATION
dc.subjectVALUATION
dc.subjectVOLUNTARY SAVINGS
dc.subjectVULNERABILITY
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWITHDRAWAL
dc.subjectWITHDRAWAL RATE
dc.subjectWORKING AGE
dc.subjectWORTH
dc.titleClosing the Coverage Gap : The Role of Social Pensions and Other Retirement Income Transfers

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