Land and Urban Policies for Poverty Reduction : Proceedings of the Third International Urban Research Symposium Held in Brasilia, April 2005, Volume 2
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World Bank, Brasilia
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The first paper of this section
(Durand-Laserve) documents how increasing pressures on urban
land and the 'commodification' of shelter and
settlement has increased 'market evictions' of
families holding intermediate tide to property, although
international declarations and pressures have contributed to
reducing 'forced evictions.' The second paper
(Mooya and Cloete) uses the tools of the New Institutional
Economics to analyze the argument in Hernando DeSoto's
path-breaking book, The Mystery of Capital, that full legal
tide is the key to turning 'dead capital' in the
form of informal property held by many low-income families
into an economic asset and to detonating broad-based
economic growth. The paper concludes that intermediate forms
of tenure can have the virtues of full legal tide if
properly constructed, and then examines the case of Namibia
in this context. The third paper (Fernandes) documents and
assesses the recent efforts of the Brazilian federal
Ministry of Cities to develop a comprehensive approach for
regularizing title throughout that country. In the fourth
paper, Abramo gives a structural and theoretical over-view
of informal settlement in Brazil. The fifth paper (Rakodi)
looks at traditional land delivery systems in five
medium-sized Sub-Saharan African cities, and concludes that
policies and programs can build on their strengths.
Palabras clave
AFFORDABLE HOUSING, AFFORDABLE HOUSING DEVELOPMENT, AIR, APARTMENTS, ARCHITECT, ARCHITECTURE, BARRIO, BOTTLENECKS, BUS, BUS FARE, BUS JOURNEYS, BUS OPERATION, BUS RIDERSHIP, BUS SERVICE, BUS SERVICES, BUS SYSTEM, BUS SYSTEMS, BUS TRIPS, BUSES, BUSINESS DISTRICTS, CAR, CARS, CASUAL WORK, CBD, CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT, CENTRAL CITIES, CENTRAL CITY, CITIES, CITIES ALLIANCE, CITY AUTHORITIES, CITY CENTRE, CITY GOVERNMENTS, CITY MANAGEMENT, CITY PROFILE, COMMUNITIES, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT, COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION, COUNTRYSIDE, CRIME, DEVELOPING COUNTRY CITIES, DRAINAGE, DRINKING WATER, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, EFFICIENT TRANSPORT, ENGINEER, ENGINEERS, ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS, EVICTION, EVICTIONS, EXPRESS SERVICES, EXPRESSWAYS, EXTERNALITIES, FARES, FAVELA, FAVELAS, FEMALE, HABITAT, HEALTH CARE, HOMES, HOSPITALS, HOTEL, HOUSEHOLDS, HOUSES, HOUSING, HOUSING AFFORDABILITY, HOUSING CONDITIONS, HOUSING DEVELOPMENT, HOUSING ESTATES, HOUSING FINANCE, HOUSING MANAGEMENT, HOUSING MARKETS, HOUSING POLICY, HOUSING PROJECTS, HOUSING RIGHTS, HOUSING SUBSIDIES, HUMAN SETTLEMENTS, INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT, INFORMAL HOUSING, INFORMAL LAND, INFORMAL LAND DELIVERY, INFORMAL LAND DELIVERY SYSTEMS, INFORMAL SETTLEMENT, INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS, INHABITANTS, IRREGULAR SETTLEMENT, JOB OPPORTUNITIES, LACK OF CREDIT, LAND DEVELOPMENT, LAND MANAGEMENT, LAND MARKETS, LAND POLICIES, LAND TENURE, LAND TENURE REGULARIZATION, LAND USE, LEASING, LEGAL TITLE, LIBRARIES, LIGHT RAIL, LIVING STANDARDS, LOCAL DEVELOPMENT, LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, LOCAL ROADS, LONG-DISTANCE, LOW INCOME, LOW-INCOME, LOW-INCOME SETTLEMENTS, MANY CITIES, METROPOLITAN AREA, METROPOLITAN AREAS, METROPOLITAN POPULATION, MUNICIPAL CORPORATION, MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT, MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT FUND, MUNICIPAL SERVICES, NATIONAL TRANSPORT, NEIGHBORHOODS, NEIGHBOURHOODS, OCCUPATION, OVERCROWDING, PASSENGER VOLUMES, PAVEMENT DWELLERS, PERIPHERAL AREAS, POOR NEIGHBORHOODS, POOR PEOPLE, POPULATION DENSITY, POVERTY REDUCTION, PROPERTY RIGHTS, PROPERTY TAX, PUBLIC FINANCE, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC HOUSING, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, PUBLIC LIGHTING, PUBLIC TRANSPORT, PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS, PUBLIC UTILITIES, QUALITY HOUSING, QUALITY OF TRANSPORT, RAIL, RAIL SYSTEMS, RAILWAY, RAPID TRANSIT, REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT, REGIONAL PLANNING, RENTAL HOUSING, RENTALS, RESETTLEMENT, RESIDENTIAL MOBILITY, RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION, RESIDENTIAL ZONES, ROAD, ROAD NETWORK, ROUTES, RURAL AREAS, SANITATION, SECONDARY CITIES, SECURE TENURE, SECURITY OF TENURE, SELF-HELP, SERVICED LAND, SETTLEMENT, SHACKS, SHANTYTOWNS, SHELTER, SIDEWALKS, SLUM, SLUM AREAS, SLUM IMPROVEMENT, SLUM UPGRADING, SLUMS, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL EXCLUSION, SOCIAL HOUSING, SQUATTER, SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS, SQUATTING, STREET LIGHTING, STREETS, SUBDIVISIONS, SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT, TAX, TAX REVENUE, TENEMENTS, THIRD WORLD CITIES, TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC CONGESTION, TRANSIT, TRANSIT SYSTEMS, TRANSPARENCY, TRANSPORT, TRANSPORT ECONOMICS, TRANSPORT SERVICE, TRANSPORT STUDIES, TRANSPORTATION, TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS, TRANSPORTATION POLICIES, TRAVEL DISTANCES, TRUE, UNDERGROUND, UNSATISFIED BASIC NEEDS, URBAN, URBAN AFFAIRS, URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS, URBAN AGRICULTURE, URBAN AREAS, URBAN BUS, URBAN CORE, URBAN DEVELOPMENT, URBAN DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, URBAN DWELLERS, URBAN ECONOMICS, URBAN ECONOMY, URBAN FRINGE, URBAN GOVERNANCE, URBAN GROWTH, URBAN INDICATORS, URBAN LAND, URBAN MANAGEMENT, URBAN MANAGERS, URBAN PERIPHERY, URBAN PLANNERS, URBAN PLANNING, URBAN POLICIES, URBAN POLICY, URBAN POOR, URBAN POPULATION, URBAN POPULATION GROWTH, URBAN POVERTY, URBAN PROPERTY, URBAN RESEARCH, URBAN SECTOR, URBAN SERVICES, URBAN SPRAWL, URBAN STUDIES, URBAN TRANSPORT, URBAN UPGRADING, URBANISM, URBANIST, URBANIZATION, VEHICLES, WATER SUPPLY, WEALTH, ZONING