Entrepreneurship in Post-Conflict Transition : The Role of Informality and Access to Finance

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dc.creatorKlapper, Leora F.
dc.creatorDemirgüç-Kunt, Asli
dc.creatorPanos, Georgios A.
dc.date2012-03-19T19:10:28Z
dc.date2012-03-19T19:10:28Z
dc.date2009-05-01
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:12:17Z
dc.descriptionThe authors examine the factors affecting the transition to self-employment in Bosnia and Herzegovina, using the World Bank Living Standard Measurement Survey panel household survey for the years 2001-2004. In the beginning of the sample, the country changed its legal framework, with the primary aim to promote labor market flexibility and to encourage entrepreneurial activity. The analysis identifies individuals that switched to self-employment (employers and own account) during the sample period and the viability of this transition, in terms of business survival for more than one year. The results suggest an important role for financing constraints. Specifically, wealthier households are more likely to become entrepreneurs and survive in self-employment. After controlling for household wealth, having an existing bank relationship increases the likelihood of starting a business with hired employees and increases the chances of survival for the new entrepreneur. By contrast, overseas - and in some cases domestic - remittances decrease the likelihood of becoming an entrepreneur.
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dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20090518152429
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/4129
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-4935
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/416086
dc.languageEnglish
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper ; No. 4935
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectACCESS TO FINANCE
dc.subjectACCESS TO FORMAL FINANCE
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectBANK FINANCING
dc.subjectBANK LOAN
dc.subjectBANK LOANS
dc.subjectBANKS
dc.subjectBEHAVIORAL PATTERNS
dc.subjectBIASES
dc.subjectBORROWING
dc.subjectBUSINESS SCHOOL
dc.subjectBUSINESS SURVIVAL
dc.subjectCALCULATIONS
dc.subjectCAPITAL FINANCE
dc.subjectCONTRACT ENFORCEMENT
dc.subjectCORPORATE FINANCE
dc.subjectCORRUPTION
dc.subjectCOST OF CREDIT
dc.subjectCREDIT CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectCREDIT INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectCREDIT MARKET
dc.subjectCREDIT MECHANISMS
dc.subjectCREDIT RATIONING
dc.subjectCREDIT UNION
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDEDUCTIBLES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT BANK
dc.subjectDISABLED
dc.subjectDISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectDISGUISED UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectDIVERSIFICATION
dc.subjectEARNINGS
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectECONOMIES OF SCALE
dc.subjectEMPLOYEE
dc.subjectEMPLOYER
dc.subjectEMPLOYER CONTRIBUTIONS
dc.subjectEMPLOYERS
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT EXPERIENCE
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT HISTORY
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT PATTERNS
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT PROTECTION LEGISLATION
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT STATUS
dc.subjectENTREPRENEUR
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURIAL DECISION
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURIAL DECISIONS
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURIAL VENTURE
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURIAL VENTURES
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURS
dc.subjectENTRY COSTS
dc.subjectEXOGENOUS VARIABLES
dc.subjectFAMILIES
dc.subjectFAMILY MEMBER
dc.subjectFAMILY MEMBERS
dc.subjectFARMERS
dc.subjectFEMALE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectFINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectFINANCIAL CAPITAL
dc.subjectFINANCIAL CIRCUMSTANCES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL ECONOMIST
dc.subjectFINANCIAL ENVIRONMENT
dc.subjectFINANCIAL EXCLUSION
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INSTITUTION
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL MARKET
dc.subjectFINANCIAL MEANS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SECTOR
dc.subjectFIRM GROWTH
dc.subjectFIRM SIZE
dc.subjectFIRM SURVIVAL
dc.subjectFOREIGN INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFORMAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectFORMAL SECTOR WAGES
dc.subjectGENDER
dc.subjectHEALTH CONTRIBUTIONS
dc.subjectHEALTH INSURANCE
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SAVINGS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD WEALTH
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectHUMAN RESOURCES
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
dc.subjectINFORMAL CREDIT
dc.subjectINFORMAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectINFORMAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectINFORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectINFORMAL FINANCING
dc.subjectINFORMAL LOANS
dc.subjectINFORMAL SECTOR
dc.subjectINFORMAL SECTOR WORKERS
dc.subjectINTERNAL FINANCE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL BANK
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
dc.subjectINVOLUNTARY UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectJOB CREATION
dc.subjectJOB SECURITY
dc.subjectJOBS
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE POPULATION
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET EXPERIENCE
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET SEGMENTATION
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOR MOBILITY
dc.subjectLABOR REGULATION
dc.subjectLABOR REGULATIONS
dc.subjectLABOR SUPPLY
dc.subjectLABOR UNIONS
dc.subjectLABOUR
dc.subjectLABOUR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOUR MARKET EXPERIENCE
dc.subjectLABOUR MARKETS
dc.subjectLIMITED ACCESS
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARD
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectLOAN
dc.subjectLOCAL BUSINESS
dc.subjectLOCAL BUSINESSES
dc.subjectMANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
dc.subjectMARKET CONDITIONS
dc.subjectMEDIUM ENTERPRISE
dc.subjectMEDIUM ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectMICRO-CREDIT
dc.subjectMICRO-CREDIT SCHEME
dc.subjectMICRO-CREDIT SCHEMES
dc.subjectMICRO-ENTERPRISE
dc.subjectMICRO-LOAN
dc.subjectMICROCREDIT
dc.subjectMICROFINANCE
dc.subjectMICROFINANCE INSTITUTION
dc.subjectMICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectMINIMUM WAGE
dc.subjectMORAL HAZARD
dc.subjectNEW BUSINESS
dc.subjectNEW ENTREPRENEUR
dc.subjectNEW ENTREPRENEURS
dc.subjectNEW JOBS
dc.subjectOCCUPATION
dc.subjectPENSION
dc.subjectPENSION CONTRIBUTIONS
dc.subjectPERSISTENT UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectPERSONAL ASSETS
dc.subjectPERSONAL WEALTH
dc.subjectPOVERTY ALLEVIATION
dc.subjectPRESENT EVIDENCE
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIOR LABOR MARKET STATUS
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR
dc.subjectPRIVATIZATION
dc.subjectPROBABILITY
dc.subjectPROBIT EQUATIONS
dc.subjectPROBIT REGRESSIONS
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPROFITABILITY
dc.subjectPROPERTY OWNERSHIP
dc.subjectPSYCHOLOGICAL TRAITS
dc.subjectPUBLIC GOOD
dc.subjectPUBLIC GOODS
dc.subjectPUBLIC POLICY
dc.subjectQUESTIONNAIRE
dc.subjectREGRESSION ANALYSIS
dc.subjectREMITTANCE
dc.subjectREMITTANCES
dc.subjectREPAYMENT
dc.subjectSAFETY NET
dc.subjectSALE
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSELF-EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectSELF-EMPLOYMENT EARNINGS
dc.subjectSELF-FINANCING
dc.subjectSENIOR
dc.subjectSHADOW ECONOMY
dc.subjectSMALL BUSINESS
dc.subjectSMALL BUSINESSES
dc.subjectSOCIAL CAPITAL
dc.subjectSOCIAL INSURANCE
dc.subjectSOCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectSOCIAL WELFARE
dc.subjectSOURCES OF FINANCE
dc.subjectSTART-UP
dc.subjectSTART-UPS
dc.subjectSURVIVAL EQUATION
dc.subjectSURVIVAL RATES
dc.subjectTERMS OF LOANS
dc.subjectTOTAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectTYPES OF LOANS
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYED
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYED INDIVIDUAL
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT RATE
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT STATISTICS
dc.subjectUNFAIR COMPETITION
dc.subjectUNIONS
dc.subjectURBAN AREA
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectVALUABLE
dc.subjectWORKER
dc.subjectWORKERS
dc.subjectWORKING AGE
dc.subjectWORKING CAPITAL
dc.subjectWORTH
dc.titleEntrepreneurship in Post-Conflict Transition : The Role of Informality and Access to Finance

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