Agriculture, Trade, and the WTO : Creating a Trading Environment for Development
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Washington, DC: World Bank
Resumen
Descripción
Developing countries have an enormous
stake in the new round of World Trade Organization (WTO)
negotiations, taking place now, and scheduled to be
completed by January 1, 2005. Their full participation in
the global trading system could lift and additional 300
million people our of poverty by 2015. Since 1970, these
countries have increased their share in all trade, from
one-quarter to one-third. Most of these gains, however, have
come from increased exports of manufactured goods, which
primarily benefit the middle-income developing countries.
Agricultural products, historically the more important
exports for poor countries, have lagged far behind. The main
reason for this is the protection - in the form of subsidies
and other support, running at roughly U$S 1 billion per day
- afforded agriculture in industrial countries. This is more
than six times all development assistance. This report
contains results of region-specific studies that will prove
a vital resource for policymakers, analysts, and others
working in the development field. It provides answers to
questions such as, What lessons were learned from the
Uruguay Round? What is the relationship between trade
liberalization, and rural poverty? And, What is the role of
the international development community in fostering a
trading system that will result in development? The authors
argue that only by reshaping the world's trading
system, and reducing the barriers to trade, can truly global
expansion take place.
Palabras clave
AGREEMENT ON TRADE, AGRICULTURAL MARKETS, AGRICULTURAL NEGOTIATIONS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT, AGRICULTURAL TRADE, AGRICULTURAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION, AGRICULTURE, ANTIDUMPING, ANTIDUMPING RULES, BORDER PROTECTION, COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE, COMPETITION POLICY, CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK, CONCESSIONS, CONSTANT ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION, CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE, CONSUMER PREFERENCES, CONSUMER PURCHASING, CONSUMERS, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPING COUNTRY, DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE, DEVELOPMENT GOALS, ECONOMIC RESEARCH, ELASTICITY, ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION, EMPLOYMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES, EQUILIBRIUM, EXPORT PERFORMANCE, EXPORT SUBSIDIES, EXPORTERS, EXPORTS, FINANCIAL CRISIS, FISHERIES, FOOD POLICY RESEARCH, FOOD PRODUCTION, FOOD SECURITY, FOREIGN EXCHANGE, FOREIGN MARKETS, FREE TRADE, FREE TRADE AREA, GDP, GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES, GLOBAL EXPORTS, GLOBAL MARKETS, GLOBAL TRADE, GLOBAL TRADE ANALYSIS, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, HIGH TARIFFS, HOUSEHOLDS, IMPORT BARRIERS, IMPORT PENETRATION, IMPORT PROTECTION, IMPORTS, INCOME, INCOME COUNTRIES, INCREASED EXPORTS, INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS, INTERNATIONAL LABOUR, LABOR FORCE, MARKET ACCESS, MARKET INTEGRATION, MARKET PRICES, MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS, MULTILATERAL TRADE, MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS, MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS, NET EXPORTERS, POLICY MEASURES, POLITICAL CONTEXT, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POOR, POOR COUNTRIES, POVERTY REDUCTION, PREFERENTIAL TARIFF, PROCESS OF LIBERALIZATION, PRODUCERS, PRODUCTIVITY, PROTECTIONISM, PURCHASING POWER, QUOTAS, REDUCING POVERTY, RELATIVE IMPORTANCE, RESEARCH INSTITUTE, RURAL AREAS, RURAL ECONOMY, RURAL POVERTY, STRUCTURAL CHANGE, TARIFF REDUCTION, TRADE AGREEMENT, TRADE AGREEMENTS, TRADE BARRIERS, TRADE ISSUES, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, TRADE MORE, TRADE NEGOTIATIONS, TRADE PATTERNS, TRADE PERFORMANCE, TRADE POLICY, TRADE REFORM, TRADE REFORMS, TRADE ROUNDS, UNILATERAL TRADE, URUGUAY ROUND, WELFARE GAINS, WORLD PRICES, WORLD TRADE, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, WORLD TRADING SYSTEM, WTO INTERNATIONAL TRADE, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, ROUNDTABLE ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE & FINANCE, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, AGRICULTURAL TRADE, TRADING ARRANGEMENTS, DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION, MANUFACTURED EXPORTS, EXPORT DEVELOPMENT, COMPETITIVENESS, SUBSIDIZATION, INDUSTRIALIZED SOCIETIES, DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE, RURAL POVERTY, TRADE BARRIERS, GLOBALIZATION