Tritrophic defenses as a central pivot of low-emission, pest-suppressive farming systems

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dc.creatorWyckhuys, Kris A.G.
dc.creatorZhang, Wei
dc.creatorColmenarez, Yelitza C.
dc.creatorSimelton, Elisabeth
dc.creatorSander, Björn Ole
dc.creatorYanhui Lu
dc.date2022-10
dc.date2022-11-17T07:53:41Z
dc.date2022-11-17T07:53:41Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-27T04:15:19Z
dc.descriptionThe ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has spotlighted the intricate connections between human and planetary health. Given that pesticide-centered crop protection degrades ecological resilience and (in-)directly harms human health, the adoption of ecologically sound, biodiversity-driven alternatives is imperative. In this Synthesis paper, we illuminate how ecological forces can be manipulated to bolster ‘tritrophic defenses’ against crop pests, pathogens, and weeds. Three distinct, yet mutually compatible approaches (habitat-mediated, breeding-dependent, and epigenetic tactics) can be deployed at different organizational levels, that is, from an individual seed to entire farming landscapes. Biodiversity can be harnessed for crop protection through ecological infrastructures, diversification tactics, and reconstituted soil health. Crop diversification is ideally guided by interorganismal interplay and plant–soil feedbacks, entailing resistant cultivars, rotation schemes, or multicrop arrangements. Rewarding opportunities also exist to prime plants for enhanced immunity or indirect defenses. As tritrophic defenses spawn multiple societal cobenefits, they could become core features of healthy, climate-resilient, and low-carbon food systems.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/125503
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/26714
dc.languageen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.rightsOpen Access
dc.sourceWyckhuys, Kris AG; Zhang, Wei; Colmenarez, Yelitza C.; Simelton, Elisabeth; Sander, Bjorn O.; and Lu, Yanhui. 2022. Tritrophic defenses as a central pivot of low-emission, pest-suppressive farming systems. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 58(October 2022): 101208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2022.101208
dc.subjectcoronavirus disease
dc.subjectcovid-19
dc.subjectcoronavirinae
dc.subjectpesticides
dc.subjectcrops
dc.subjectecology
dc.subjectbiodiversity
dc.subjectpests
dc.subjectpathogens
dc.subjectweeds
dc.subjectpest control
dc.subjectapproaches
dc.subjectinfrastructures
dc.subjectdiversification
dc.subjectsoil quality
dc.subjectcultivar selection
dc.subjectcrop rotation
dc.subjectclimate-smart agriculture
dc.subjectpesticide application
dc.subjectepigenetics
dc.subjectinfrastructure
dc.subjectfood systems
dc.subjectbreeding
dc.subjectclimate change
dc.titleTritrophic defenses as a central pivot of low-emission, pest-suppressive farming systems
dc.typeJournal Article

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Instituto Internacional de Investigación del Arroz (IRRI)