The Long-Run Impacts of Adult Deaths on Older Household Members in Tanzania
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HIV/AIDS is drastically changing the
demographic landscape in high-prevalence countries in
Africa. The prime-age adult population bears the majority of
the mortality burden. These missing prime-age adults have
implications for the socioeconomic well-being of surviving
family members. This study uses a 13-year panel from
Tanzania to examine the impacts of prime-age mortality on
the time use and health outcomes of older adults, with a
focus on long-run impacts and gender dimensions. Prime-age
deaths are weakly associated with increases in working hours
of older women when the deceased adult was co-resident in
the household. The association is strongest when the
deceased adult was living with the elderly individual at the
time of death and for deaths in the distant past, suggesting
that shorter-run studies may not capture the full extent of
the consequences of adult mortality for survivors. Holding
more assets seems to buffer older adults from having to work
more after these shocks. Most health indicators are not
worse for older adults when a prime-age household member
died, although more distant adult deaths are associated with
an increased probability of acute illness for the surviving
elderly. For deaths of children who were not residing with
their parents at baseline, the findings show no impact on
hours worked or health outcomes.
Palabras clave
ADULT MORBIDITY, ADULT MORTALITY, ADULT POPULATION, AGE GROUPS, AGE MORTALITY, AGED, AGING, AIDS DEATHS, AIDS EPIDEMIC, CANCER, CAREGIVERS, CHILD CARE, CHILDHOOD, CULTURAL CHANGE, DEATHS OF CHILDREN, DEMOGRAPHIC IMPACTS, DEMOGRAPHY, DEPENDENT CHILDREN, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, DISEASE, DYING, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ELDERLY, ELDERLY MEN, ELDERLY WOMEN, EPIDEMIC, FAMILIES, FAMILY MEMBERS, FEMALE, FEMALES, GENDER, GENDER DIMENSIONS, GENDER INEQUALITIES, HEALTH CONSEQUENCES, HEALTH INDICATORS, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HIV, HIV INFECTION, HIV/AIDS, HOUSEHOLD ASSETS, HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION, HOUSEHOLD LEVEL, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HUSBANDS, ILLNESS, ILLNESSES, IMPACT OF AIDS, INDIVIDUAL HEALTH, INHERITANCE, INJURY, LABOR SUPPLY, LIFE EXPECTANCY, MALARIA, MALES, MATERNAL MORTALITY, MEDICINE, MENTAL HEALTH, MORTALITY, MORTALITY RATE, MORTALITY RATES, NATIONAL LAWS, NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL, NUMBER OF CHILDREN, OLD-AGE, OLDER ADULTS, OLDER MEN, OLDER PEOPLE, OLDER PERSONS, OLDER WOMEN, PARENTS, PHYSICAL WORK, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT, POPULATION CONFERENCE, POVERTY REDUCTION, POWER, PREMATURE ADULT MORTALITY, PROGRESS, REMITTANCE, REMITTANCES, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, RESIDENCE STATUS, RESPECT, RURAL AREAS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, SHARE OF WORK, SOCIAL AFFAIRS, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL POLICY, SOCIAL SCIENCE, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL STUDIES, SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, SPOUSE, SPOUSES, TUBERCULOSIS, VULNERABILITY, WOMAN, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, YOUNG ADULT, YOUNG ADULTS