North-South Knowledge Sharing on Incentive-based Conditional Cash Transfer Programs

Aber, Lawrence; Rawlings, Laura B.

North-South Knowledge Sharing on Incentive-based Conditional Cash Transfer Programs

Autores

Aber, Lawrence

Rawlings, Laura B.

Editor

World Bank, Washington, DC

Descripción

Over the last decade, Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs have become one of the most widely adopted anti-poverty initiatives in the developing world. Inspired particularly by Mexico's successful program, CCTs are viewed as an effective way to provide basic income support while building children's human capital. These programs have had a remarkable global expansion, from a handful programs in the late 1990s to programs in close to 30 countries today, including a demonstration program in the United States. In contrast to many other safety net programs in developing countries, CCTs have been closely studied and well evaluated, creating both a strong evidence base from which to inform policy decisions and an active global community of practice. This paper first reviews the emergence of CCTs in the context of a key theme in welfare reform, notably using incentives to promote human capital development, going beyond the traditional focus on income support. The paper then examines what has been learned to date from the experience with CCTs in the South and raises a series of questions concerning the relevance and replicability of these lessons in other contexts. The paper concludes with a call for further knowledge sharing in two areas: between the North and South as the experience with welfare reform and CCTs in particular expands, and between behavioral science and welfare policy.

Palabras clave

ACCOUNTING, ADEQUATE NUTRITION, ADOPTION, ANTI-POVERTY, ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS, ASSISTANCE TO FAMILIES, ASYLUM, ASYLUM SEEKERS, ATTENDANCE RATES, BABY, BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES, BENEFICIARY, CASH PAYMENTS, CASH TRANSFER, CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS, CASH TRANSFERS, CHILD LABOR, CITIZENS, CLASSICAL ECONOMICS, CONDITIONAL CASH, CONDITIONAL TRANSFERS, CONTRACTING, COST-EFFECTIVENESS, CROWDING OUT, CYCLE OF POVERTY, DECISION MAKING, DEPENDENT CHILDREN, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONS, DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES, DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY, DIETS, DISABILITY, DISPLACEMENT, DROPOUT, ECONOMIC COSTS, ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMICS, EDUCATION PROGRAMS, EDUCATION SUBSIDIES, EFFECTS, EFFICIENCY, EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS, EQUITY, EXTERNALITIES, EXTREME POVERTY, FAMILY HEALTH, FAMILY TRANSFER, FINANCE, FUTURE EARNINGS, GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM, GENERATIONAL TRANSMISSION OF POVERTY, GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT, GLOBAL POLICY, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH CENTERS, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HEALTH WORKERS, HIGH INEQUALITY, HOSPITAL, HOUSEHOLD TRANSFERS, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENTS, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN TRAFFICKING, IMMIGRATION, IMMIGRATION POLICIES, IMPLEMENTATION, INCENTIVES, INCOME, INCOME INEQUALITY, INCOME POVERTY, INCOME REDISTRIBUTION, INCOME SUPPORT, INCOME TRANSFER, INCOME TRANSFERS, INEQUALITY, INNOVATION, INNOVATIONS, INSURANCE POLICIES, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY, INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INTERNATIONAL LAW, INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS, INTRINSIC MOTIVATION, INVENTORY, INVESTMENT, ISOLATION, JOB TRAINING, KNOWLEDGE, LABOR ECONOMICS, LABOR LAWS, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MARKET ISSUES, LABOR MARKET POLICY, LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS, LABOR SUPPLY, LACK OF INFORMATION, LEVELS OF CONSUMPTION, MARKET FAILURES, MARKETING, MEANS TESTING, MEASURES, MEDICAID, MIGRANTS, MIGRATION, MONITORING, NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, NATIONAL POVERTY, NEEDY FAMILIES, NUTRITION, NUTRITION PROGRAM, NUTRITIONAL PROGRAMS, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, OPPORTUNITY COSTS, ORGANIZATIONS, PENSION, PENSIONS, POCKET EXPENDITURES, POLICY DECISIONS, POLICY DEVELOPMENTS, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POOR, POOR ADULTS, POOR COUNTRIES, POOR FAMILIES, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, POOR INDIVIDUALS, POOR PEOPLE, POPULATION, POPULATIONS, POVERTY, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, POVERTY INITIATIVES, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY RELIEF, PRACTITIONERS, PRIVATE TRANSFERS, PRODUCTIVITY, PROGRAM DESIGNS, PROGRESS, PROVISION OF ASSISTANCE, PSYCHOLOGY, PUBLIC POLICY, PUBLIC PROVISION, PUBLIC SERVICES, PUBLIC WORKS, PUBLICATIONS, REFUGEES, RESPECT, RIGHTS, RISK, RISK MANAGEMENT, RURAL, RURAL AREAS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL POOR, RURAL POVERTY, SAFETY, SAFETY NET, SAFETY NET PROGRAMS, SAFETY NET TRANSFERS, SAFETY NETS, SAVINGS, SAVINGS ACCOUNTS, SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, SCHOOL ENROLLMENT, SCHOOL ENROLLMENTS, SCHOOL SUBSIDIES, SCHOOL SUBSIDY, SELF-SUFFICIENCY, SERVICE PROVISION, SEVERANCE PAY, SKILLS DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL INSURANCE, SOCIAL INSURANCE PROGRAMS, SOCIAL POLICIES, SOCIAL POLICY, SOCIAL PROGRAMS, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SOCIAL SAFETY NET, SOCIAL SECTOR, SOCIAL SECTORS, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL SERVICES, SOCIAL TRANSFERS, STANDARDS, STRATEGY, SUPPORT TO BENEFICIARIES, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TARGETED SOCIAL PROGRAMS, TARGETED TRANSFERS, TARGETING, TAX CREDITS, TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE, THEORY, TRANSFER OF CASH, TRANSFER PROGRAM, TRANSPORTATION, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE, UNINSURED RISKS, URBAN AREAS, VALUE, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, VULNERABLE GROUPS, WELFARE, WELFARE POLICY, WELFARE REFORM, WOMEN, WORK REQUIREMENTS, WORKSHOP