Mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequences reveal the genetic diversity of African chicken
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TSAP and ILRI
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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) displacement (D)-loop sequences were used to study the genetic
diversity and relationship of African domestic chicken. A total of 398 individuals belonging to
28 populations were sampled from 12 African countries. The hypervariable 1 (HV1) segment of
the D-loop was PCR amplified and subsequently sequenced. The sequences of the first 397
nucleotides were used for analysis. Fifty-two haplotypes were identified from 50 polymorphic
sites with polymorphism between nucleotides 167 and 397 contributing to 96% of the variation.
Phylogenetic analysis indicates that African domestic chicken mtDNA can be grouped into six
distinct clades with one to four clades observed in populations. AMOVA analysis indicates that
64.8% of the total sequence variation between haplotypes was present within population and
35.2% between populations. Our results suggest multiple maternal origins for the African domestic
chicken.
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genetics, poultry