Valuing Mortality and Morbidity in the Context of Disaster Risks

L. Cropper, Maureen; Sahin, Sebnem

Valuing Mortality and Morbidity in the Context of Disaster Risks

Autores

Descripción

Benefit-cost analyses of disaster risk reduction (DRR) projects are an important tool for evaluating the efficiency of such projects, and an important input into decision making. These analyses, however, often fail to monetize the benefits of reduced death and injury. The authors review the literature on valuing reduced death and injury, and suggest methods for calculating order-of-magnitude estimates of these benefits. Because few empirical estimates of the Value of a Statistical Life (VSL) are available for developing countries, methods for transferring estimates from high income to middle and low income countries are reviewed. The authors suggest using the range of values implied by an income elasticity of 1.0 and an elasticity of 1.5. With regard to injury valuation they discuss arguments for and against monetizing Quality Adjusted Life Years, and provide shortcuts to valuing injuries that may be used to assess their importance in DRR benefit-cost analyses.

Palabras clave

ACCIDENTAL DEATH, AIR, AIR POLLUTION, AIR QUALITY, ANXIETY, AUTOMOBILE, BICYCLE HELMETS, BICYCLE SAFETY, BLOOD VESSELS, BUDGET CONSTRAINTS, BURNS, CAR, CARDIAC ARREST, CASUALTIES, CERVICAL SPINE, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE CHANGE NEGOTIATIONS, COLLAPSE OF BUILDINGS, COMMUTERS, COMPENSATING WAGE DIFFERENTIALS, CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK, CONTINGENT VALUATION, COST ANALYSES, COST ANALYSIS, COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS, CRASH COSTS, CRED, DAMAGES, DAT DATABASE, DEATH RATE, DEATH TOLL, DECISION MAKING, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, DEVELOPING COUNTRY CONTEXT, DISABILITIES, DISASTER, DISASTER MITIGATION, DISASTER MITIGATION PROJECTS, DISASTER REDUCTION, DISASTER RISK, DISASTER RISK REDUCTION, DISASTER RISKS, DISASTER TYPE, DISASTERS, DISCOUNT RATE, DISCOUNT RATES, DISCOUNTED VALUE, DROUGHTS, DROWNING, EARLY WARNING, EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS, EARTHQUAKE, EARTHQUAKES, ECONOMICS LITERATURE, ECONOMISTS, ELASTICITIES, ELASTICITY, EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT, EMERGENCY ROOM, EMERGENCY SERVICES, EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS, ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, EPIDEMIOLOGY, EVACUATION, EXPECTED UTILITY, EXPECTED VALUE, FATAL INJURIES, FATAL INJURY, FATALITIES, FATALITY, FLOOD, FLOODS, FORECASTS, FRACTURES, GDP, HEALTH RISKS, HIGHWAY, HUMAN CAPITAL, HURRICANE, HURRICANES, INCOME, INCOME LEVELS, INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS, INFECTIOUS DISEASE, INFECTIOUS DISEASES, INJURED PERSONS, INJURIES, INJURY, INJURY PREVENTION, INJURY RISK, INJURY SCALE, INSURANCE, LABOR MARKETS, LAND USE, LANDSLIDES, LEISURE, LIFE EXPECTANCY, MARGINAL COST, MARGINAL UTILITY, MEDICAL TREATMENT, MEDICINE, MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES, MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRY, MOBILITY, MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, MOTORISTS, NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, NATURAL DISASTER, NATURAL DISASTERS, NATURAL HAZARDS, NEGOTIATIONS, PER CAPITA INCOME, POLLUTION, PRESENT VALUE, PRODUCTIVITY, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF DISASTERS, QUALITY OF LIFE, REPLACEMENT COSTS, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, RISK ANALYSIS, RISK AVERSION, RISK MANAGEMENT, RISK MANAGEMENT PROJECTS, RISK NEUTRAL, RISK REDUCTIONS, ROAD, ROAD SAFETY, ROAD TRAFFIC, SAFETY, SAFETY DEVICE, SAFETY HELMETS, SAFETY REGULATIONS, SANITATION, STORM, STORMS, TOLL, TOTAL COSTS, TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC CRASHES, TRAFFIC INJURIES, TRAFFIC SAFETY, TRANSPORT, TRANSPORT ECONOMICS, TRANSPORTATION, TROPICAL CYCLONES, TRUE, TSUNAMI, TSUNAMIS, UTILITY FUNCTION, UTILITY MAXIMIZATION, VALUATION, VEHICLES, VOLCANOES, WAGES, WEALTH, WILLINGNESS TO PAY, WORKERS, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, WOUNDS, WTP