Lebanon : Economic Assessment of Environmental Degredation Due to July 2006 Hostilities, Sector Note
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Washington, DC
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The 34-day hostilities in Lebanon
started on July 12, 2006 and continued until August 14,
2006, when the ceasefire entered in force. This report
provides an order of magnitude estimate of the cost of
environmental degradation caused by the July 2006
hostilities in Lebanon. Chapter 1 introduces the
study's objectives, assumptions and valuation methods
used. Chapter 2 provides an overview and valuation of the
oil spill impacts. Chapters 3-7 estimate the impacts of the
hostilities on waste, water, quarries, air and forests.
Palabras clave
ABUNDANT POPULATIONS, ACTION PLAN, ADULT POPULATION, AERIAL SURVEYS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AIR POLLUTION, AIR QUALITY, ALGAE, AMPHIBIA, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, BAMBOO, BASELINE INFORMATION, BEACH, BEACHES, BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES, BIOLOGICAL DATA, BIOTA, BIRD, BIRD AREA, BIRD POPULATION, BIRDS, BREEDING, BREEDING SITE, BURNING, CARBON, CATTLE, CERTAIN EXTENT, COAST GUARD, COASTAL AREAS, COASTAL RESOURCES, COASTAL ZONE, COMMERCIAL FISHERMEN, COMMERCIAL FISHING, CONSERVATION SITE, CONTINGENT VALUATION, CONTINGENT VALUATION METHOD, CORAL, CORAL REEFS, CORALS, COST OF DISPOSAL, CRABS, CRUDE OIL, DEBRIS, DISPOSAL COST, DOLPHINS, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, ECONOMIC IMPACT, ECONOMIC LOSSES, ECOSYSTEM, ECOSYSTEMS, EGG, EGGS, EMISSION, EMISSION FACTORS, EMISSIONS, ENDANGERED SPECIES, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS, ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION, ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS, ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, EXCHANGE RATE, EXPOSURE, FAUNA, FIELD OBSERVATIONS, FIN, FIN WHALES, FISH, FISH CATCH, FISH POPULATIONS, FISH STATISTICS, FISH STOCKS, FISHERIES, FISHERY, FISHING, FOOD SOURCE, FOREST, FOREST AREA, FOREST AREAS, FOREST FIRES, FORESTRY, FORESTS, FUEL, FUEL OIL, GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION, GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM, GREEN TURTLE, HATCHLINGS, HEAVY MACHINERY, HUNTING, ILLEGAL FISHING, INCOME, INVERTEBRATES, LAGOONS, LEATHERBACK, LEATHERBACK TURTLE, LOGGERHEAD TURTLES, LOSS OF HABITAT, MARINE BIODIVERSITY, MARINE ENVIRONMENT, MARINE MAMMALS, MARINE POLLUTION, MARINE SCIENCES, MARINE TURTLES, MARINE WATER, MIDDLE EAST, MIGRATION, MIGRATORY BIRDS, MOLLUSKS, MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE, MUSSELS, NATURAL RESOURCES, NATURE RESERVE, NATURE RESERVES, NEST, NESTING, NESTING ACTIVITY, NORTH AFRICA, OCEAN CURRENTS, OCEANOGRAPHY, OCEANS, OIL, OIL AT SEA, OIL CONCENTRATIONS, OIL POLLUTION, OIL SLICKS, OIL SPILL, OIL SPILLS, ORNITHOLOGY, OYSTERS, PALM, PELAGIC FISH, PLANT, PLANT SPECIES, PRESENT VALUE, PREY, PROPERTY VALUES, RECREATION, REEFS, REFUGE, REMOTE SENSING DATA, REPTILES, RESERVOIRS, RESTAURANTS, ROADS, SANITARY LANDFILLS, SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION, SEA CUCUMBERS, SEA URCHINS, SEAL, SEALS, SEAS, SEAWATER, SHALLOW WATERS, SHELLFISH, SHOREBIRDS, SNAILS, SOCIAL COSTS, SPAWNING, SPECIES OF FISH, SPERM WHALES, STORMS, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TANKER OWNERS, TOURISM, TOURISTS, TRAVEL COST METHOD, TURTLE, TURTLES, URBAN ENVIRONMENT, WASTE, WASTE DISPOSAL, WASTE MANAGEMENT, WASTE OIL, WATER QUALITY, WATER RESOURCES, WATER SUPPLY, WATERFOWL, WILDLIFE, WORMS