The Doha Development Agenda : What's on the Table?
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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The outlines of a potential agreement,
emerging after seven years of negotiations, imply that Doha
offers three key benefits: reduced uncertainty of market
access in goods and services; improved market access in
agriculture and manufacturing; and the mobilization of
resources to deal with the trade problems of least developed
countries. WTO Members have offered to make large reductions
in legally bound levels of protection in goods and services.
The reductions in currently applied levels of protection are
smaller. For the least developed countries, the proposed
"duty free and quota free" access will only add
significantly to their access under existing preferential
access arrangements if industrial and developing country
members include vital tariff lines. The initiatives on trade
facilitation and aid for trade can play a valuable catalytic
role in promoting reform and mobilizing assistance, but
substantial effort is still needed to translate notional
benefits into actual gain.
Palabras clave
ABSENCE OF TARIFF, ABSOLUTE VALUE, ACCOUNTING, AGGREGATE MEASURE OF SUPPORT, AGREEMENT ON TRADE, AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, AGRICULTURAL EXPORT, AGRICULTURAL EXPORT SUBSIDIES, AGRICULTURAL EXPORTERS, AGRICULTURAL MARKET, AGRICULTURAL MARKET ACCESS, AGRICULTURAL NEGOTIATIONS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL TARIFF, AGRICULTURAL TARIFFS, AGRICULTURAL TRADE, AGRICULTURE, APPLIED TARIFF, AVERAGE TARIFF, AVERAGE TARIFFS, BLUE BOX, BLUE BOX SUPPORT, BORDER MEASURES, BORDER TRADE, CAPACITY BUILDING, COMMERCIAL POLICY, COTTON, CUSTOMS, CUSTOMS CLEARANCE, CUTTING, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPING COUNTRY, DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION, DOMESTIC LAW, DOMESTIC MARKETS, ECONOMIC POLICY, EXPENDITURES, EXPORT, EXPORT COMPETITION, EXPORT INTEREST, EXPORT REGULATIONS, EXPORT SUBSIDIES, EXPORT SUBSIDY, EXPORTS, FOREIGN INVESTMENT, FOREIGN OWNERSHIP, FOREIGN SUPPLIERS, FREE ACCESS, FREE MARKET ACCESS, GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES, GLOBAL TRADE, GRACE PERIOD, HIGH TARIFFS, IMPORT DUTIES, IMPORT PRICES, IMPORT TARIFF, INCOME TAX, INSURANCE, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, INTERNATIONAL BANK, INTERNATIONAL LAW, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, INVESTING, MARITIME SHIPPING, MARITIME TRANSPORT, MARKET ACCESS, MARKET ACCESS OPPORTUNITIES, MOBILIZATION, MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS, NATIONAL TREATMENT, NATIONAL TREATMENT RESTRICTIONS, NON-TARIFF BARRIERS, OPENNESS, POLICY RESPONSE, PREFERENTIAL ACCESS, PREFERENTIAL ACCESS ARRANGEMENTS, PREFERENTIAL TARIFFS, PRICE OF IMPORTS, PRICE PROJECTIONS, PRIVATE BANKS, PROTECTIONISM, REDUCTION IN TARIFFS, REDUCTIONS IN TARIFFS, RETURN, RULE OF LAW, RULES OF ORIGIN, SPECIAL PROVISIONS, SPECIAL SAFEGUARD, SUGAR, TARIFF BARRIER, TARIFF BARRIERS, TARIFF BINDINGS, TARIFF CHANGES, TARIFF CLASSIFICATION, TARIFF ELIMINATION, TARIFF ESCALATION, TARIFF LEVEL, TARIFF LEVELS, TARIFF LINES, TARIFF PREFERENCES, TARIFF RATE, TARIFF RATES, TARIFF REDUCTION, TARIFF REDUCTIONS, TARIFF REVENUES, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, TRADE BARRIERS, TRADE COSTS, TRADE DISTORTING, TRADE FACILITATION, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, TRADE NEGOTIATIONS, TRADE POLICIES, TRADE POLICY, TRADE POLICY REFORMS, TRADE PROBLEMS, TRADE REFORM, TRADE REGULATIONS, TRADE RULES, TRADING, TRADING PARTNERS, TRADING SYSTEM, TRANSITION ECONOMIES, TRANSPARENCY, TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO, TRUST FUND, UNILATERAL LIBERALIZATION, VALUATION, VOLUME, WORLD MARKET PRICES, WORLD MARKETS, WORLD PRICES, WORLD TRADE, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, ZERO TARIFFS