Exploring the Links between HIV/AIDS, Social Capital, and Development
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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This paper attempts to quantify the
impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic on social capital with
cross-country data. Using data from the World Values Survey,
the authors estimate reduced-form regressions of the main
determinants of social capital controlling for HIV
prevalence, institutional quality, social distance, and
economic indicators. The results obtained indicate that HIV
prevalence affects social capital negatively. The empirical
estimates suggest that a one standard deviation increase in
HIV prevalence will lead to a decline of at least 1 percent
in trust, controlling for other determinants of social
capital. Moving from a country with a relatively low level
of HIV prevalence, such as Estonia, to a country with a
relatively high level, such as Uganda, there is a more than
11 percent point decline in social capital. These results
are robust in a number of dimensions and highlight the
empirical importance of an additional mechanism through
which HIV/AIDS hinders the development process.
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ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, AGED, AGGREGATE MEASURE, AIDS CARE, AIDS CASE, AIDS EPIDEMIC, ANTENATAL CLINICS, BEHAVIORAL CHANGES, BLOOD DONATION, CARE FOR ORPHANS, CASES OF AIDS, CHILD LABOR, CHILD SURVIVAL, CHLAMYDIA, CIVIC PARTICIPATION, CIVIL WAR, CLINICAL TRIALS, COMMUNITIES, COMMUNITY ASSOCIATIONS, COUNTRY CHARACTERISTICS, COUNTRY DUMMY, COUNTRY LEVEL, COUNTRY REGRESSIONS, CRIME, CROSS-COUNTRY ANALYSIS, CROSS-COUNTRY DATA, DECLINE IN FERTILITY, DEMOCRACY, DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION, DEPENDENCY RATIOS, DEPENDENT VARIABLE, DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, DIAGNOSTICS, DISCRIMINATION, DISEASE, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ECONOMIC FACTORS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC INDICATORS, ECONOMIC REVIEW, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, EFFECTS OF AIDS, ELASTICITY, EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS, EMPIRICAL ESTIMATES, EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE, EMPIRICAL RESULTS, EMPIRICAL SCRUTINY, EMPIRICAL SUPPORT, EMPIRICAL WORK, EPIDEMIOLOGY, EXPLANATORY VARIABLES, EXTERNALITIES, FAMILY INCOME, FERTILITY, FERTILITY RATE, FERTILITY TRANSITION, FINANCIAL DEPTH, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT, FINANCIAL MARKETS, FLOW OF INFORMATION, GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL, GINI COEFFICIENT, GOOD GOVERNANCE, GROWTH MODELS, GROWTH REGRESSIONS, HAZARD, HEALTH SURVEYS, HIV, HIV INFECTION, HIV PREVENTION, HIV TRANSMISSION, HIV\AIDS, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, IMMUNODEFICIENCY, INCOME INEQUALITY, INFECTIONS, INFECTIOUS DISEASES, LABOR FORCE, LABOUR FORCE, MACROECONOMIC EFFECTS, MACROECONOMICS, MALE CIRCUMCISION, MALNUTRITION, MARKET CAPITALIZATION, MARKET IMPERFECTIONS, MEASUREMENT ERROR, MEDICAL CARE, MEDICINE, MONETARY ECONOMICS, MORAL HAZARD, MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, MORTALITY RATES, NATIONAL LEVEL, NATIONAL LEVELS, NEGATIVE COEFFICIENT, NEGATIVE EFFECT, NEGATIVE IMPACT, NEGATIVE SIGN, 0 HYPOTHESIS, NUMBER OF PEOPLE, OLDER PEOPLE, OPPORTUNITY COST, ORPHAN, ORPHAN CRISIS, ORPHANS, PHYSICAL CAPITAL, PLAGUE, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, POLICY REVIEW, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POLITICAL SCIENCE, POPULATION DENSITY, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, PREGNANT WOMEN, PREMATURE DEATH, PREVALENCE, PREVALENCE RATE, PREVALENCE RATES, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRIVATE SECTOR, PROGRESS, PROPERTY RIGHTS, PROPORTIONAL INCREASE, PUBLIC ECONOMICS, PUBLIC INTERVENTION, PUBLIC POLICY, PUBLIC SERVICES, RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS, RULE OF LAW, RURAL AREAS, RURAL POPULATION, SAFE SEX, SCHOOL ENROLMENT, SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS, SIGNIFICANCE LEVEL, SIGNIFICANT EFFECT, SIGNIFICANT NEGATIVE, SOCIAL CAPITAL, SOCIAL COHESION, SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS, SOCIAL INTERACTION, SOCIAL NETWORKS, SOCIAL NORMS, SOCIAL SCIENCE, SOCIAL SCIENCES, SOCIAL STRUCTURE, SOCIETAL NORMS, SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA, SYPHILIS, TECHNICAL INFORMATION, TOLERANCE, TRANSMISSION, UNAIDS, URBAN AREAS, USE OF CONDOMS, VITAL STATISTICS, VULNERABILITY, WARS