Philippines - Discussion Notes : Challenges and Options for 2010 and Beyond
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World Bank
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With the global economy on the way to
recovery from the financial crisis, the Asian economies
appear poised to bounce back strongly. For most people in
the Philippines, however, a return to the status quo ante
will offer little consolation. That is because when economic
growth accelerated during 2002-08, poverty did not decline
as hoped. With a third of the population currently below
the poverty line, and high and rising inequality in incomes,
the country's main development challenge is to achieve
growth that is much more widely shared to make growth work
for the poor. Making growth work for the poor in the
Philippines is a significant development challenge, but one
that is worth pursuing vigorously. The new administration
not only has the mandate but the historic opportunity to
deliver on this goal as well as other election platforms on
which it was voted to power. These include 'the
organized and widely-shared rapid expansion of the economy
through a government dedicated to honing and mobilizing the
people's skills and energies as well as the responsible
harnessing of natural resources; moving to well-considered
programs that build capacity and create opportunity among
the poor and the marginalized in the country; policies that
create conditions conducive to the growth and
competitiveness of private businesses, big, medium and
small; and making education the central strategy for
investing in people, reducing poverty and building national
competitiveness.' In addition, the new administration
is committed to fight corruption. These goals are fully
echoed in the strategy and policy actions identified above
and elaborated in the accompanying discussion notes.
Palabras clave
ACCOUNTABILITY, ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS, ADVERSE EFFECTS, ADVERSE IMPACT, AGRICULTURE, ANTI-COMPETITIVE PRACTICES, AUDITS, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, BANK SECRECY, BANKING SYSTEM, BARRIERS TO GROWTH, BINDING CONSTRAINTS, BUDGET TRANSPARENCY, BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT, BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT, BUSINESS REGULATIONS, CAPITAL ACCUMULATION, CAPITAL FORMATION, CAPITAL INTENSIVE PRODUCTION, CAPITAL INVESTMENTS, CENTRAL BANK, CITIZENS, CIVIL SOCIETY, CIVIL UNREST, CLIMATE CHANGE, COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY, COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE, COMPETITION FRAMEWORK, COMPETITION POLICY, COMPETITIVENESS, CONSUMER PRICE INDEX, CONSUMERS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES, CORE GOVERNANCE, CORPORATE PROFITS, CORPORATE TAX, CORRUPT PRACTICES, CORRUPTION, CREDIT BUREAU, CRIME, CRISES, CURRENCY, DEBT, DECENTRALIZATION, DECISION MAKING, DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPING ECONOMIES, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY, DRINKING WATER, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ECONOMIC CRISIS, ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT, ECONOMIC EXPANSION, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, ECONOMICS, ECONOMIES OF SCALE, ECONOMISTS, ELASTICITY, EMISSIONS, EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, EQUILIBRIUM, EXCESS SUPPLY, EXCHANGE RATE, EXCISE TAXES, EXPORT GROWTH, EXPORTS, EXPOSURE, EXTERNALITIES, FINANCIAL CRISIS, FINANCIAL INFORMATION, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, FINANCIAL MARKETS, FINANCIAL RISKS, FINANCIAL SECTOR, FINANCING FACILITIES, FISCAL CONSOLIDATION, FISCAL POLICY, FULL EMPLOYMENT, GDP, GINI COEFFICIENT, GLOBAL ECONOMY, GOOD GOVERNANCE, GOVERNANCE INDICATORS, GOVERNANCE REFORM, GROWTH RATE, GROWTH RATES, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN RESOURCE, IMPORT BARRIERS, IMPROVING GOVERNANCE, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, INCOME GROWTH, INCOME LEVELS, INCOMES, INDUSTRIALIZATION, INEQUALITY, INFANT MORTALITY, INFLATIONARY PRESSURES, INFORMATION SYSTEM, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT, INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITIES, INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK, INSURANCE, INSURANCE INDUSTRY, INTERNATIONAL FINANCE, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, INVESTMENT CLIMATE, INVESTOR PROTECTION, JOB CREATION, LABOR COSTS, LABOR FORCE, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, LEGAL FRAMEWORK, LIQUIDITY, LIVING STANDARDS, LOCAL GOVERNANCE, LOCAL LEVELS, MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, MARGINAL PRODUCT, MARGINAL PRODUCTS, MARKET ACCESS, MARKET DISTORTIONS, MIDDLE-INCOME ECONOMIES, NATIONAL INCOME, NATIONAL LEVEL, NATURAL DISASTERS, NATURAL RESOURCES, NET WORTH, OPEN ECONOMY, ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE, OUTPUT, OUTSOURCING, PER CAPITA INCOME, PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, POLITICAL STABILITY, POPULATION GROWTH, PRICE SUBSIDY, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIVATE CONSUMPTION, PRIVATE INVESTMENT, PRIVATE SCHOOLS, PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT, PRIVATIZATION, PRODUCERS, PRODUCTION PROCESSES, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES, PROPERTY RIGHTS, PUBLIC DEBT, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, PUBLIC FINANCES, PUBLIC POLICY, PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT, PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY, PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS, RAPID EXPANSION, REAL GDP, REAL INCOME, REAL WAGES, REFORM PROGRAM, REGULATORY CAPTURE, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, RENEWABLE ENERGY, REPUTATION, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, RISK MANAGEMENT, RISK REDUCTION, SAFETY NETS, SAVINGS, SECRECY LAW, SKILLED WORKERS, SKILLS SHORTAGES, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL PROGRAMS, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SOCIAL PROTECTION STRATEGY, SOCIAL SAFETY NET, SOCIAL SERVICES, SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT, TAX, TAX COLLECTION, TAX EVASION, TAX REFORMS, TAX REVENUES, TAX SYSTEM, TAXATION, TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY, TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, TRADE BARRIERS, TRADE DEFICIT, TRADE DEFICITS, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, TRADE POLICIES, TRADE POLICY, TRANSPARENCY, UNDERESTIMATES, UNDERVALUATION, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, URBAN DEVELOPMENT, WAGES, WASTE MANAGEMENT, WORLD ECONOMY, WORLD TRADE, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, WTO