The World Bank Group and the Global Food Crisis : An Evaluation of the World Bank Group Response
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Washington, DC: World Bank Group
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The unanticipated spike in international
food prices in 2007-08 hit many developing countries hard.
The World Bank (International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development and International Development Association)
organized rapidly for short-term support in the crisis,
launching a fast-track program of loans and grants, the
Global Food Crisis Response Program (GFRP). The GFRP mainly
targeted low-income countries, and provided detailed policy
advice to governments and its own staff on how to respond to
the crisis. The Bank also scaled up lending for agriculture
and social protection to support the building of medium-term
resilience to future food price shocks. The International
Finance Corporation (IFC) responded by sharply increasing
access to liquidity for agribusinesses and agricultural
traders in the short and medium term, as well as new
programs to improve incentives for agricultural market
participants. This evaluation assesses the effectiveness of
the World Bank Group (WBG) response in addressing the
short-term impacts of the food price crisis and in enhancing
the resilience of countries to future shocks. Bank group
support for the short-term response reached vulnerable
countries, though it is less clear whether it reached the
most vulnerable people within countries. The program
supported 35 countries, with Sub-Saharan Africa accounting
for about 60 percent of funding. The majority of support
went to four countries-Bangladesh, Ethiopia, the
Philippines, and Tanzania. The speed of the response often
had costs for quality, and design deficiencies could not
always be rectified quickly during implementation. The
Bank's short-term assistance to agriculture took the
form of input subsidy and distribution operations to
increase food supply. Short-term support for social safety
nets mainly consisted of in-kind transfers and public works
programs. The Bank's medium-term response for
agriculture significantly increased lending and focused on
expanding productive capacity and resilience.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO FINANCE, ACCESS TO INSURANCE, ACCESS TO RESOURCES, ACCOUNTING, ADB, ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES, ADVERSE EFFECTS, ADVICE TO GOVERNMENTS, ADVISORY SERVICES, AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, AGRICULTURAL MARKET, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT, AGRICULTURAL TRADE, AGRICULTURE, AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION, AID EFFECTIVENESS, ASSISTANCE STRATEGY, AVAILABILITY OF RESOURCES, BANK MANAGEMENT, BENEFICIARIES, BUDGET SHORTFALLS, BUSINESS PLANNING, CASH TRANSFER, CASH TRANSFERS, CEREALS, CONDITIONAL CASH, CONSOLIDATION, DECENTRALIZATION, DEVELOPMENT BANK, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT EFFECTIVENESS, DIVISION OF LABOR, DRIVERS, ECONOMIC COOPERATION, ECONOMIC CRISES, ECONOMIC CRISIS, EMERGENCY SITUATION, ENROLLMENT, EXPENDITURES, FARMERS, FINANCIAL INNOVATION, FINANCIAL INSTITUTION, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, FISCAL STABILIZERS, FOOD ACCESS, FOOD EXPENDITURE, FOOD INSECURITY, FOOD POLICY, FOOD POLICY RESEARCH, FOOD PRICES, FOOD PRODUCTION, FOOD RIOTS, FOOD SECURITY, FOOD STAPLES, FOOD SUBSIDIES, FOOD SUPPLY, FOOD-FOR-WORK, FUNDING SOURCES, GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY, HEALTH INTERVENTIONS, HEALTH ORGANIZATION, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, IFPRI, INCOME, INCOME TRANSFERS, INPUT PRICES, INPUT SUBSIDIES, INSURANCE, INTERNATIONAL BANK, INTERNATIONAL FINANCE, INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY, INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, LENDING PORTFOLIO, LOAN, MALNUTRITION, MANDATES, MARKET DEVELOPMENT, MARKET LIBERALIZATION, MDB, NEAR POOR, NEW DEAL, NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS, NUTRITION PROGRAMS, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT, OUTPUTS, PEOPLES, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POOR, POVERTY REDUCTION, PRODUCTIVITY, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE, PUBLIC WORKS, PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS, RECESSION, REFUGEE, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS, RESPONSE TO CRISES, RICE, RISK MANAGEMENT, SAFETY, SAFETY NET OPERATIONS, SAFETY NET PROGRAMS, SAFETY NET SYSTEMS, SCHOOL FEEDING, SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMS, SELECTION CRITERIA, SHORT-TERM CRISIS, SMALLHOLDERS, SOCIAL ACTION, SOCIAL ACTION FUND, SOCIAL IMPACTS, SOCIAL INVESTMENT, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SOCIAL SAFETY NET, SOCIAL SAFETY NETS, SOURCE OF INCOME, SSN, STABILIZERS, STAPLE FOODS, SUPPLY CHAIN, SUPPORT PROGRAM, TARGETING, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TRANSFER PROGRAM, TRUST FUNDS, UNION, UNSKILLED LABOR, VULNERABLE GROUPS, VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS, VULNERABLE PEOPLE, VULNERABLE POPULATIONS, WAGES, WAREHOUSE, WFP, WHEAT, WORK PROGRAMS, WORKING CAPITAL, WORKS PROGRAM, WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME