Labor Migration and Economic Growth in East and Southeast Asia

Walmsley, Terrie; Aguiar, Angel; Ahmed, S. Amer

Labor Migration and Economic Growth in East and Southeast Asia

Autores

Walmsley, Terrie

Aguiar, Angel

Ahmed, S. Amer

Editor

World Bank, Washington, DC

Descripción

East and Southeast Asia face major demographic changes over the next few decades as many countries' labor forces will start to decline, while others will experience higher labor force growth as populations and participation rates increase. A well-managed labor migration strategy presents itself as a mechanism for ameliorating the impending labor shortages in some East-Asia Pacific countries, while providing an opportunity for other countries with excess labor to provide migrant workers that will contribute to the development of the home country through greater remittance flows. Although migration would be unable to offset the economic impacts of the declining labor forces in the countries with shrinking populations, a more flexible migration policy, allowing migrants to respond to the major demographic changes occurring in Asia over the next 50 years, would be beneficial to most economies in the region in terms of real incomes and real gross domestic product over the 2007-2050 period. Such a policy could deeply affect the net migration position of a country. Countries that were net recipients under current migration policies might become net senders under the more liberal policy regime.

Palabras clave

ADB, AGEING POPULATIONS, ANNUAL GROWTH, AVERAGE WAGES, BENEFICIAL EFFECTS, CAPITA INCOME, CAPITAL ACCUMULATION, CAPITAL INFLOWS, CAPITAL MOBILITY, CAPITAL STOCK, COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN, COUNTRY OF ORIGIN, DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE, DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES, DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS, DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION, DEPENDENCY RATIOS, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, DOMESTIC WORKERS, DRIVERS, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS, ECONOMICS, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, EMPLOYMENT RATE, EMPLOYMENT STATUS, EXCESS DEMAND, EXTERNALITIES, FEMALE LABOR, FEMALE LABOR FORCE, FERTILITY, FERTILITY RATES, FLOWS OF PEOPLE, FOREIGN LABOR, FOREIGN OWNERSHIP, FOREIGN WORKERS, GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM, GLOBAL ECONOMY, GLOBAL MARKET, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, GROWTH OF LABOR, GROWTH PATH, GROWTH RATE, GROWTH RATES, GROWTH RESIDUAL, HIGH WAGE, HIGH-POPULATION COUNTRIES, HOST COUNTRY, HOST GOVERNMENT, ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION, IMMIGRATION, IMMIGRATION POLICY, IMMIGRATION REFORM, IMPACT OF MIGRATION, INCOME, INCREASE IN CAPITAL, INTENSIVE INDUSTRIES, INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION POLICIES, JOBS, LABOR DEMAND, LABOR FORCE, LABOR FORCE GROWTH, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, LABOR FORCES, LABOR MANAGEMENT, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MIGRATION, LABOR MOBILITY, LABOR MOVEMENT, LABOR MOVEMENTS, LABOR POLICIES, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, LABOR SHORTAGES, LABOR SUPPLY, LABOUR, LABOUR SUPPLY, MEAT, MIGRANT, MIGRANT LABOR, MIGRANT WORKERS, MIGRANTS, MIGRATION, MIGRATION DATA, MIGRATION FLOWS, MIGRATION POLICIES, MIGRATION POLICY, MORTALITY, NATIONAL COUNCIL, NATIONAL POPULATIONS, NATIONALS, NUMBER OF MIGRANTS, NUMBER OF PEOPLE, NUMBER OF WORKERS, OCCUPATIONS, PEACE, POLICY DISCUSSIONS, POLICY FRAMEWORK, POLICY REGIME, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, POLICY RESPONSE, POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT, POPULATION CONFERENCE, POPULATION DYNAMICS, POPULATION FORECASTS, POPULATION STUDIES, POPULATION VARIABLES, PROGRESS, RATE OF POPULATION GROWTH, REAL INCOME, REAL WAGE, REAL WAGES, REMITTANCE, REMITTANCES, RENTS, RETIREMENT, RETURN MIGRATION, RETURN ON INVESTMENT, RETURN TO CAPITAL, RURAL AREAS, SKILL SHORTAGES, SKILL TYPE, SKILLED LABOR, SKILLED MIGRANTS, SKILLED WORKER, SKILLED WORKERS, SOCIAL COMMISSION, SOCIAL POLICY, SOCIAL SERVICES, STATISTICAL ANALYSES, TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, TEMPORARY MIGRATION, TRADITIONAL FAMILY, TRANSPORT, UNDOCUMENTED MIGRANT, UNDOCUMENTED MIGRATION, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNSKILLED LABOR, UNSKILLED WORKER, UNSKILLED WORKERS, URBAN AREAS, URBAN MIGRATION, WAGE DIFFERENTIALS, WAGE RATE, WORKER, WORKFORCE, WORLD POPULATION