Economics of Wastewater Treatment and Recycling: An Investigation of Conceptual Issues
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In the context of continuous droughts, the search for alternative water sources and increasing
environmental restrictions on discharge of treated wastewater into natural water bodies, treated
wastewater recycling offers a potential solution. In this paper the methods needed to assess the
questions - to what extent treated wastewater can complement the existing water sources in
different sectors and at what cost - are discussed? It was concluded that a comparative Benefit
Cost Analysis of different combinations of uses and treatment levels would be a critical
component in the development of a decision support tool which could be used by urban planners
and water authorities. It was also found that community acceptance of recycled water,
distribution of costs and benefits of recycling and its broader impact on regional development are
issues that need to be considered, along with the economics of wastewater recycling.